解码鱼"雨"呼叫:一个女性导向的警报?
Léna de Framond1, Rebecca Müller1, Alberto Comin1
1Animal Communication & Urban Ecology Group, Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, Eberhard-Gwinner-Straße, 82319 Seewiesen, Germany.
概括
常见的鱼神秘的"雨"呼叫被揭示为一个特定的警报. 这种鸟类的声音在繁殖季节被用来提醒其他鸟类接近掠食者,特别是当雌性存在时.
科学领域:
- 动物行为 动物行为
- 生物声学是一种生物声学.
- 鸟类学 鸟类学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 声学通信对许多动物物种至关重要,特别是具有复杂声乐的歌鸟.
- 鸟叫的功能,与歌曲不同,往往取决于上下文,很难确定.
- 常见的"雨"叫声经常被听到,但它的目的仍然是神秘的,提出的角色包括领土信号,警报或对协调.
研究的目的:
- 系统地研究普通的"雨"呼叫的拟议功能.
- 区分区域,警报和社会信号的角色,以此声化.
主要方法:
- 进行了回放实验,使用录制的鸟歌曲和捕食者声音.
- 进行了现场观测,以将"雨"呼叫使用与特定的环境和社会背景相关联.
- 分析了鱼对不同声学刺激的行为反应.
主要成果:
- 沙没有表现出对"雨"呼叫播放的侵略性领土反应,而不是对歌曲播放的反应.
- 捕食者发声可靠地引起了鱼的"雨"呼叫.
- 当雌性存在并且捕食者被检测或模拟时,雄性鱼增加了"雨"呼叫频率.
结论:
- "雨"号召不是领土防御的歌曲替代品.
- 证据强烈支持"雨"的呼叫作为一个特定的警报.
- 呼叫的功能是防御掠食者,特别是在繁殖季节和与雌性存在有关的,可能是为了保护巢.
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