与年龄相关的听觉神经缺陷在整个听觉系统中传播中央收益:与皮质微观结构和语音识别相关联
Emily M Fabrizio-Stover1, James W Dias1, Carolyn M McClaskey1
1Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|June 6, 2025
概括
与年龄相关的听力损失涉及的不仅仅是耳损伤. 老年人听觉神经 (AN) 输入减少导致中央收益和结构性大脑变化,影响语音噪音识别.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 听觉神经科学 听觉神经科学
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 与年龄相关的听力损失与中枢神经系统的变化有关,而不仅仅是耳损伤.
- 了解听觉神经功能和中央听觉处理之间的相互作用对于解决与年龄相关的听力缺陷至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查听觉神经 (AN) 缺陷对老年人听觉系统功能和结构变化的贡献.
- 确定中央听觉处理,大脑结构和老化中的语音噪音识别之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 在49名老年人和26名年轻的成年人中,使用了电生理学 (EEG) 对点击的反应和扩散性曲解成像 (DKI).
- 评估了听力学值,AN和脑干反应,听觉皮层 (AC) 反应和AC微结构完整性 (FA,MD).
主要成果:
- 年长的成年人显示较小的AN反应,类似的脑干反应和较大的AC反应 (中心增益).
- 减少的AN功能预测了较低的AC分数异构性 (FA),表明髓变性.
- 在老年人中,较低的ACFA和较高的平均扩散度 (MD) 预测了较差的语音噪音识别 (SIN).
结论:
- 在老年人中,减弱的附带输入会导致听觉皮层的功能变化 (中心增益) 和结构缺陷.
- 这些中心变化,不仅仅是年龄,有助于语音噪音识别障碍.
- 针对AN输入,中央增益和AC结构可能为与年龄相关的听力障碍提供治疗途径.
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