编程的DNA消除发生在来自Hexagrammos属的混合基因杂交物中早期的游戏生成过程中†
Dmitrij Dedukh1, Kenta Nitsu2, Takafumi Fujimoto3
1Laboratory of Non-Mendelian Evolution, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the CAS, Libechov, Czech Republic.
Biology of reproduction
|June 6, 2025
概括
赫克萨格拉姆莫斯鱼的杂交发生涉及早期游戏生成期间的基因组消除. 这一过程中,父亲的基因组被丢弃,导致后代仅继承母亲的基因组,这与微核形成有关.
科学领域:
- 生殖生物学 生殖生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 杂交生殖是一种繁殖方式,杂交物产生后代是父母之一的部分遗传复制品.
- 在北海道南部海岸的Hexagrammos物种 (H. octogrammus,H. otakii,H. agrammus) 的跨物种杂交物体表现出只有雌性杂交发生.
- 在 oogenesis 过程中,这些杂交物排除了父亲的基因组,同时保留了母亲的基因组 (Hoc) 传递给卵子.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究Hexagrammos杂交物中的基因组消除机制.
- 为了比较青少年和成年杂交动物及其家长物种的生殖腺发育情况.
- 阐明涉及父亲基因组排除的时间和细胞过程.
主要方法:
- 在混合物 (Hoc/Hot, (Hoc/Hag) ×Hag) 和父母物种的全山性腺体上进行基因组杂交的比较.
- 细胞基因组的分析,以追踪父母基因组的存在和消除.
- 使用H3K9me3基因组修饰的表观遗传学分析来识别异性染色蛋白焦点.
- 显微镜检查细胞中微核的形成.
主要成果:
- 混合体中的细胞包含父母的基因组或只有母亲的 (Hoc) 基因组,这表明在早期的游戏生成过程中基因组被淘汰.
- 在父母的Hoc和混合性血球细胞中观察到Hoc基因组的特征H3K9me3丰富的异染色蛋白焦点.
- 在父母物种和杂交物种的血球细胞中检测到微核,在杂交物种中频率明显高.
- 混合体中的微核含有父性染色体 (Hot或Hag),证实了它们在基因组消除中的作用.
结论:
- 在Hexagrammos杂交物种中,基因组消除发生在早期的游戏生成阶段.
- 这个过程与含有父性染色体或碎片的微核的形成有关.
- 表观遗传修饰 (H3K9me3) 证实了母性Hoc基因组在杂交血球细胞中的存在和保留.
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