相关实验视频

Updated: Sep 19, 2025

Speciation and Bioavailability Measurements of Environmental Plutonium Using Diffusion in Thin Films

Speciation and Bioavailability Measurements of Environmental Plutonium Using Diffusion in Thin Films

Published on: November 9, 2015

在深地下水中对 (Pu) 物种化的热力学控制:对中国北山市高废弃物处置安全的影响

Nan Li¹, Xianzhe Duan², Jiale Dou³

¹School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China; School of Chemistry&Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.

Journal of environmental radioactivity

|June 6, 2025

概括

了解深层地下水中的 (Pu) 物种化对于高水平放射性废物 (HLW) 的安全处置至关重要. 这项研究揭示了pH值,氧化还原潜力和硫酸盐如何影响.

科学领域:

地质化学地质化学
环境科学环境科学
核废物管理核废物管理

背景情况:

高水平放射性废物 (HLWs) 的安全处置非常重要,因为 (Pu) 等放射性核酸的放射性毒性和长半衰期.
深层地质处置是一种拟议的解决方案,但放射性核素通过断裂迁移是一个问题.
与地表条件相比,在深层地质环境中对Pu的行为存在有限的研究.

研究的目的:

在中国贝山工厂深层地下水中研究 (Pu) 变异.
为了评估关键的水地化学参数对Pu特种化的影响.
为深层地质处置设施对HLW的安全评估提供信息.

主要方法:

使用PHREEQC软件进行热力学模拟.
在不同pH值,氧化还原潜力 (pe),温度和离子度下评估Pu分化.
分析硫酸盐,二碳酸盐,化物和化物对的特异性的影响.

主要成果:

在中性到性条件下,主要以Pu () 的形式存在.
在酸性pH (2-2.5) 时,以自由的Pu (III) 离子的形式存在;在pH>7.0时,Pu (OH) 主导.
氧化还原潜力显著影响物种化,有利于低度的Pu (III) 和高度的Pu (IV).
硫酸盐度显著改变了Pu分化,而其他离子的影响最小.

结论:

水地化学条件,特别是pH值,氧化还原潜力和硫酸盐度,对深层地下水中的Pu分化具有关键控制.
精确地建模PU物种化对于预测其移动性和确保HLW处置的安全性至关重要.
特定地点的地质化学数据对于优化地质处理设施的设计和安全至关重要.

关键词:

中国的北山.深层地下水的地下水.在HLW处置处置.水地化学条件水地化学条件的物种化的物种化热力学建模热力学建模新唐人新唐人新唐人

更多相关视频

Separation of Uranium and Thorium for 230Th-U Dating of Submarine Hydrothermal Sulfides

Separation of Uranium and Thorium for 230Th-U Dating of Submarine Hydrothermal Sulfides

Published on: May 20, 2019

A Dual-Functional Electroactive Filter Towards Simultaneously SbIII Oxidation and Sequestration

A Dual-Functional Electroactive Filter Towards Simultaneously SbIII Oxidation and Sequestration

Published on: December 5, 2019

相关概念视频

Nuclear Power

Nuclear Power

Controlled nuclear fission reactions are used to generate electricity. Any nuclear reactor that produces power via the fission of uranium or plutonium by bombardment with neutrons has six components: nuclear fuel consisting of fissionable material, a nuclear moderator, a neutron source, control rods, reactor coolant, and a shield and containment system.
Nuclear Fuels
Nuclear fuel consists of a fissile isotope, such as uranium-235, which must be present in sufficient quantity to provide a...

Nuclear Transmutation

Nuclear Transmutation

Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed...

Nuclear Fission

Nuclear Fission

Many heavier elements with smaller binding energies per nucleon can decompose into more stable elements that have intermediate mass numbers and larger binding energies per nucleon—that is, mass numbers and binding energies per nucleon that are closer to the “peak” of the binding energy graph near 56. Sometimes neutrons are also produced. This decomposition of a large nucleus into smaller pieces is called fission. The breaking is rather random with the formation of a large...

Nuclear Stability

Nuclear Stability

Protons and neutrons, collectively called nucleons, are packed together tightly in a nucleus. With a radius of about 10−15 meters, a nucleus is quite small compared to the radius of the entire atom, which is about 10−10 meters. Nuclei are extremely dense compared to bulk matter, averaging 1.8 × 1014 grams per cubic centimeter. If the earth’s density were equal to the average nuclear density, the earth’s radius would be only about 200 meters.
To hold positively charged protons together...