相关实验视频
Updated: Sep 19, 2025
10:33
Research and Development of High-performance Explosives
Published on: February 20, 2016
17.7K
爆炸物研究的科学测量审查:挑战和机遇
Amy Bruce1, Lotte E Timmerman2, Nana A Fiakpui3
1Forensic Explosives Laboratory, Dstl, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire SP4 0JQ, UK; Leverhulme Research Centre for Forensic Science, School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Nethergate, Dundee DD1 4HN, UK.
Forensic science international
|June 6, 2025
概括
爆炸物的科学测量分析证据文献显示,分析技术得到了充分的记录,但痕迹恢复却没有. 提出了标准化关键词,以提高法医科学中未来研究的可发现性.
科学领域:
- 法医科学 法医科学 法医科学
- 科学测量公司的科学测量.
- 爆炸物证据分析 证据分析
背景情况:
- 越来越多的科学文献需要有效的方法来理解研究景观.
- 科学测量提供了一种定量方法来评估研究趋势和识别知识差距.
- 爆炸物证据分析是法医科学中的一个关键领域,文献越来越多.
研究的目的:
- 用关键词分析对爆炸物证据文献进行科学测量评估.
- 确定趋势,研究差距和改善文献可搜索性和可访问性的机会.
- 提出提高爆炸物科学未来研究可发现性的策略.
主要方法:
- 从INTERPOL国际法医科学管理者研讨会 (IFSMS) 报告中分析了4665个关键词引用.
- 斯科普斯数据库搜索"爆炸性"产生70,699个引用,绘制研究格局的地图.
- 评估关键词表示,以评估文献覆盖范围,并确定可搜索性问题.
主要成果:
- 爆炸物证据中的分析技术得到了很好的表现,并且很容易识别.
- 像恢复爆炸物痕迹这样的研究领域代表性不足,很难定位.
- 军事炸药,特别是TNT,经常被引用,但特定的化合物识别通常受到不一致的关键词使用的阻碍.
结论:
- 当前的关键词实践限制了爆炸物科学中的特定研究领域和化合物的发现能力.
- 建议对关键词进行标准化补充材料和社区协议,以提高可搜索性.
- 改进的可发现性将使更专注的文献搜索和对爆炸物研究领域的更深入理解成为可能.
相关概念视频
01:20Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview
2.6K
Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
2.6K
01:29Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab
252
AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
252
02:41Constant Volume Calorimetry
27.9K
Calorimeters are useful to determine the heat released or absorbed by a chemical reaction. Coffee cup calorimeters are designed to operate at constant (atmospheric) pressure and are convenient to measure heat flow (or enthalpy change) accompanying processes that occur in solution at constant pressure. A different type of calorimeter that operates at constant volume, colloquially known as a bomb calorimeter, is used to measure the energy produced by reactions that yield large amounts of heat and...
27.9K
01:30Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference
285
In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...
285