世界精神病协会在世界精神病协会成员协会的精神病学全球调查
João Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia1, Roger M K Ng2, Helen Herrman3
1WPA Standing Committee on Education (2020-2023), Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Department of Neuroscience, Medical School, FMABC University Center, Santo André, SP, Brazil.
Asian journal of psychiatry
|June 6, 2025
概括
全球精神病学家人口统计数据显示,精神病学家与人口的比例和性别分布存在显著差异. 解决这些不平等问题对于获得心理健康护理至关重要,特别是在低收入国家.
科学领域:
- 精神病学和全球心理健康劳动力研究 精神病学和全球心理健康劳动力研究
背景情况:
- 精神病医生对于心理健康意识和耻辱减少至关重要,但全球招聘,培训和能力标准存在很大差异.
- 世界精神病学协会 (WPA) 已经定义了精神病学家的基本属性,但全面的人口统计数据仍然很少.
- 全球存在严重的精神病医生短缺,突出需要更好地了解劳动力.
研究的目的:
- 调查全球人口统计,工作环境以及精神病医生和实习生的角色.
- 分析不同经济和区域群体的精神病医生与人口比例,性别和年龄分布.
- 评估精神病医生参与心理健康紧急响应和对弱势群体的支持.
主要方法:
- 一种多种语言的调查工具被开发出来,并于2019年分发给121个国家的WPA会员协会.
- 收集的数据包括精神病医生和实习生人数,性别,年龄,工作环境和应急响应参与.
- 响应按世卫组织地区和世界银行收入水平进行分类,并使用Epidat 4.2.2.2.进行统计分析.
主要成果:
- 精神科医生与人口的比例有很大差异,从低收入国家的0.3/100,000到高收入国家的12.9/100,000 (全球平均值:5.9/100,000).
- 发现了性别差异,一些地区男性占主导地位,另一些地区女性化;近一半的精神病医生年龄在41-60岁之间.
- 许多社会报告说,他们参与了心理健康紧急情况,并为面临逆境的妇女和女孩提供支持.
结论:
- 该调查提供了全球精神病学劳动力的实质性概述,突出显著的区域和经济差异.
- 需要创新策略来支持贫困社区,并改善低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 的心理健康反应.
- 建议鼓励鼓励职业生涯早期的女性医生和精神病医生,特别是在低收入环境中,以解决劳动力差距并促进心理健康职业.
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