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将一个54岁的基于计算机的咨询与聊天GPT-4o的性能进行比较

Elvan Burak Verdi¹, Oguz Akbilgic²

¹Department of Chest Diseases, Siirt Training and Research Hospital, Siirt, Türkiye.

Applied clinical informatics

|June 6, 2025

概括

与较旧的AI系统相比,现代人工智能 (AI) 模型如GPT-4o提供了先进的临床诊断功能. 虽然LLM显示出巨大的潜力,但它们补充了医生的判断,而不是取代它.

科学领域:

医疗信息学医疗信息学
人工智能在医学中的应用

背景情况:

人工智能 (AI) 在过去的五十年里有了显著的进化.
大型语言模型 (LLM) 代表了人工智能能力的重大进步.

研究的目的:

将现代LLM (GPT-4o) 的诊断性能与早期AI模型 (1970 CAL) 的诊断性能进行比较.
突出AI在临床决策中的进展,并鼓励医生采用LLMs.

主要方法:

对GPT-4o和1970年代的决策树AI模型 (CAL) 提出了代谢酸性的临床病例.
记录和比较了诊断推理,数据解释和管理建议.

主要成果:

GPT-4o提供了全面的分析,确定了原因,建议了测试/治疗,并提供了叙事解释.
1970年的CAL模型正确识别了代谢性酸性疾病,但具有有限的,顺序的,基于规则的指导.
GPT-4o整体整合了数据,而CAL需要顺序提示,并与复杂的信息作斗争.

结论:

像GPT-4o这样的现代LLM在临床决策中展示了变革的潜力.
医学中的AI已经取得了实质性的进展,当前的工具增强了,而不是取代了医生的专业知识.
为了在医疗保健中广泛采用LLM,需要进一步的验证和临床试验.

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