压力和高脂肪饮食重新配置了CeA-NPY神经元的活性转化体
Chi Kin Ip1, Lei Zhang2, Ramon Tazan3
1Brain Tumour Group, Children's Cancer Institute, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
Molecular metabolism
|June 6, 2025
概括
高脂肪饮食和压力通过影响中枢杏仁体 (CeA) 中的神经Y (NPY) 神经元加速肥胖. 这项研究揭示了这些NPY神经元中的分子标,这些神经元整合了饮食和压力信号.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 代谢研究研究 代谢研究
背景情况:
- 肥胖是加快了高热量食物和慢性压力的结合.
- 中枢杏仁体 (CeA) 中表达神经Y (NPY) 的神经回路是肥胖发展的关键媒介.
- 在高脂肪饮食和压力下调节NPY神经元活动的分子机制尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 在高脂肪饮食 (HFD) 和高脂肪饮食与压力 (HFDS) 条件下调查CeA中NPY神经元的转化调节.
- 确定对饮食和压力信号作出反应的NPY神经元中的特定分子通路和基因表达变化.
- 阐明CeA NPY神经元在整合食和情绪反应中的作用.
主要方法:
- 翻译性核糖体亲和性净化与下一代测序 (TRAPseq) 相结合,以在NPY神经元中描述活跃翻译的RNA.
- 在HFD和HFDS条件下对NPY神经元进行分子分析.
- 对神经投射进行基因本体学分析和免疫组织化学研究.
主要成果:
- NPY神经元共同表达无氧基因 (食欲刺激) 基因,并与无氧基因标记物呈现最小的重叠.
- HFDS条件特别激活与脂肪酸代谢,应激反应和与食相关的神经产生的集群.
- CeA NPY神经元向参与养和情绪调节的脑部区域发射,包括侧面本 (LHb),周水管灰 (PAG) 和侧细胞网状形成 (PCRt).
结论:
- 特定的脂质感应和突触调节通路是CeA-NPY电路内的压力所准的.
- CeA中的NPY神经元通过新的分子机制整合饮食和压力信号.
- 这些发现揭示了理解和治疗由饮食和压力驱动的肥胖的潜在目标.
相关概念视频
Regulation of Food Intake
205
Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
205
Regulation of the Unfolded Protein Response
2.4K
Inositol-requiring kinase one or IRE1 is the most conserved eukaryotic unfolded protein response (UPR) receptor. It is a type I transmembrane protein kinase receptor with a distinctive site-specific RNase activity. As the binding mechanics of the misfolded proteins with the N-terminal domain of IRE-1 are unclear, three binding models — direct, indirect, and allosteric -- are proposed for receptor activation. Nevertheless, it is known that once a misfolded protein associates with IRE1, it...
2.4K
Cell Specific Gene Expression
13.5K
Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
13.5K
The Unfolded Protein Response
4.5K
The ER is the hub of protein synthesis in a cell. It has robust systems to quality control protein folding and also for degradation of terminally misfolded proteins. Under normal conditions, a small proportion of misfolded proteins that cannot be salvaged need to be transported to the cytoplasm by the ER-associated degradation or ERAD pathways. However, if the ERAD cannot handle the misfolded proteins, the cell activates the unfolded protein response or UPR to adjust the protein folding...
4.5K
Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting
2.4K
Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
2.4K
Role of ER in the Secretory Pathway
5.3K
Eukaryotic cells have a special pathway that enables communication between various intracellular membrane-bound compartments and also with the extracellular environment. This pathway is termed as the secretory pathway.
Components of the secretory pathway
About a third of proteins synthesized in the cell are sorted via the secretory route. They shuffle between different compartments in membrane-bound vesicles until they reach their final destination. The main intracellular compartments involved...
Components of the secretory pathway
About a third of proteins synthesized in the cell are sorted via the secretory route. They shuffle between different compartments in membrane-bound vesicles until they reach their final destination. The main intracellular compartments involved...
5.3K


