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相关概念视频

Factors Affecting Perception01:25

Factors Affecting Perception

1.5K
Perception is influenced by perceptual set, context, motivation, and emotion. Perceptual set, or perceptual expectancy, refers to the tendency to perceive things in a particular way, influenced by previous experiences and expectations. This phenomenon affects the interpretation of stimuli, creating a set of mental tendencies and assumptions that impact sensory perceptions of sound, taste, touch, and sight.
An illustrative example of a perceptual set is the scenario where an airline pilot told...
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Perception01:28

Perception

441
Perception is a fundamental psychological process that enables individuals to organize, interpret, and consciously experience sensory information. This process is crucial for understanding and interacting with the world around us. It includes both bottom-up and top-down processing, each playing a distinct role in how we perceive our environment.
Bottom-up processing begins at the sensory level, where receptors detect external environmental stimuli. These could include the tactile sensation of...
441
Prediction Intervals01:03

Prediction Intervals

2.2K
The interval estimate of any variable is known as the prediction interval. It helps decide if a point estimate is dependable.
However, the point estimate is most likely not the exact value of the population parameter, but close to it. After calculating point estimates, we construct interval estimates, called confidence intervals or prediction intervals. This prediction interval comprises a range of values unlike the point estimate and is a better predictor of the observed sample value, y. 
2.2K
Perception of Sound Waves01:01

Perception of Sound Waves

4.4K
The human ear is not equally sensitive to all frequencies in the audible range. It may perceive sound waves with the same pressure but different frequencies as having different loudness. Moreover, the perception of sound waves depends on the health of an individual's ears, which decays with age. The health of one's ears may also be affected by regular exposure to loud noises.
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same...
4.4K
Perceptual Constancy01:12

Perceptual Constancy

361
Perceptual constancy is the ability to recognize that objects remain consistent and unchanged even when their appearance varies due to changes in sensory input. There are four main types of perceptual constancy: size constancy, shape constancy, color constancy, and brightness constancy.
Size constancy is the recognition that an object remains the same size, even when its image on the retina changes. For instance, a bus is perceived to be large enough to carry people, even if it looks tiny from...
361
Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location

198
The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by...
198

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 12, 2025

Augmenting Large Language Models via Vector Embeddings to Improve Domain-Specific Responsiveness
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Augmenting Large Language Models via Vector Embeddings to Improve Domain-Specific Responsiveness

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利用语境来进行感知预测,使用词嵌入.

Georgia-Ann Carter1, Frank Keller1, Paul Hoffman2

  • 1Institute for Language, Cognition and Computation, School of Informatics, The University of Edinburgh.

Cognitive science
|June 7, 2025
PubMed
概括

来自语言模型的词嵌入显示出预测概念形状的良好性能,但对亮度的结果不佳. 语境化词语嵌入并没有显著改善这些感知预测.

科学领域:

  • 认知科学 认知科学
  • 人工智能的人工智能
  • 计算语言学 计算语言学

背景情况:

  • 来自大型语言体的词嵌入用于表示语言含义.
  • 关于这些嵌入是否捕捉概念的感知质量存在争论,影响嵌入语义理论.
  • 仅仅从语言中推断感知属性可能表明语言辅助概念知识的获取.

研究的目的:

  • 调查基于变压器的语言模型是否使用上下文化的词嵌入来改善对感知概念质量的预测.
  • 评估词嵌入的预测人类对概念亮度和形状的评分的能力.
  • 检查上下文对名词和形容词-名词短语嵌入的感知预测的影响.

主要方法:

  • 产生了对大量概念的脱上下文化和上下文化Word2Vec和BERT嵌入.
  • 将这些嵌入式的预测性能与人类对概念亮度和形状的评级进行了比较.
  • 进行了两个专注于名词表示和形容词-名词短语表示的实验.

主要成果:

  • 从词嵌入中,可以高准确地预测形状属性.
  • 明亮性质的预测准确度较为适度.
  • 将上下文添加到词嵌入中显示,对预测名词和形容词名词短语的感知特征的影响有限.
关键词:
概念组合的概念组合.神经网络的神经网络的神经网络感知信息是一种感知信息.字体嵌入式 字体嵌入式

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Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology
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Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology

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Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects
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Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects

Published on: November 30, 2018

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Last Updated: Jun 12, 2025

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03:14

Augmenting Large Language Models via Vector Embeddings to Improve Domain-Specific Responsiveness

Published on: December 6, 2024

510
Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology
05:38

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology

Published on: June 29, 2021

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Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects
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Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects

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结论:

  • 文字嵌入有效地编码形状信息,但对亮度不那么有效.
  • 语言模型中的上下文化对从词嵌入中预测感知品质的影响有限.
  • 这些发现有助于理解人类概念处理和语言模型可解释性体现的范围.