旧矿场的酸性矿井排水和废物分散:使用无人机摄影仪和地理空间分析的综合方法
Ana Barroso1, Renato Henriques1, Ângela Cerqueira1
1Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Institute of Earth Sciences, Braga 710-057, Portugal.
Journal of hazardous materials
|June 7, 2025
概括
废弃的矿山通过酸性矿井排水和侵蚀造成环境风险. 无人驾驶飞行器 (UAV) 技术有效地监测了特林潘乔矿业综合体,揭示了关键的侵蚀和水污染热点.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 地质科学 地质科学
- 采矿工程 采矿工程 采矿工程
背景情况:
- 废弃的矿山产生富含硫化物的废物,导致酸性矿井排水 (AMD) 和加速侵蚀.
- 在坡上的细粒度废物增加了污染物进入水道的运输.
研究的目的:
- 评估特林潘乔采矿综合体对环境的影响.
- 整合无人机 (UAV) 基的摄影仪表,水分析和矿山废物表征.
- 识别侵蚀热点和污染物运输路径.
主要方法:
- 基于无人机的摄影仪表,用于高分辨率的形和数字表面模型.
- 对pH值,电导率和金属度进行水质分析.
- 矿山废弃物的表征,以评估泄漏潜力.
主要成果:
- 在30°以上的坡度上确定了关键侵蚀区域,估计废物量为253,377 m3.
- 在水样中检测到高水平的铁,,和,影响了Chança河.
- 努斯拉·塞诺拉·德尔卡门矿山的废弃物显示出比伏尔塔·法尔萨更高的泄漏潜力.
结论:
- 无人机技术提供了一种具有成本效益和高分辨率的方法来监控废弃的矿山.
- 结果凸显出迫切需要有针对性的整治和改善水质的战略.
- 综合方法作为评估传统采矿场污染风险的模型.
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