关于委内瑞拉瓜纳雷的查加斯病的流行,知识,态度和做法:一个横截面研究
Iván A Escalante-Pérez1,2,3, Ana A Alviares4, Óscar D Omaña-Ávila1,3
1"Luis Razetti" School of Medicine, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela.
Parasites & vectors
|June 8, 2025
概括
委内瑞拉的查加斯病 (CD) 血清流行率为2%,仅在老年人中出现病例,这表明没有活跃的传播. 社区对CD的了解很好,但对病媒控制的做法需要改进.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 查加斯病 (CD) 是拉丁美洲的一个重大公共卫生问题,在21个国家流行.
- 委内瑞拉有CD的历史,过去的血清流行率高达45%,但目前的流行病学数据很少.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定目前的查加斯病在委内瑞拉瓜纳雷市的血清流行率.
- 评估与查加斯病相关的社区知识,态度和做法 (KAPs).
主要方法:
- 一项横截面研究于2023年9月进行,涉及388名参与者.
- 血清流行率是使用抗Trypanosoma cruzi IgG抗体和ELISA来确定的.
- 通过一项调查,评估了关于CD的知识,态度和实践 (KAP).
主要成果:
- 查加斯病的总体血清流行率为2%,所有7例阳性病例都发生在60岁以上的个人中.
- 大多数阳性病例是男性 (71%),从事建筑和农业等职业.
- 虽然83%的人知道昆虫载体的传播,70%的人对控制有积极的态度,但超过80%的人报告说载体控制实践不足.
结论:
- 瓜纳雷地区2%的血清发病率仅限于老年人,这表明该地区缺乏活跃的查加斯病传播.
- 社区对查加斯病的认识和态度是有利的,但实际的媒介控制措施是不够的.
- 建议在委内瑞拉进行进一步的概率抽样研究,以了解查加斯病的更广泛的流行病学.
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