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相关概念视频

Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

Polymer Classification: Architecture

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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
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Polymers02:34

Polymers

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the polymer...
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Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:10

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Chain-growth or addition polymerization is successive addition reactions of monomers with a polymer chain. In radical chain-growth polymerization, the reaction proceeds via a free-radical intermediate. The free radical is formed from radical initiators, which spontaneously generate free radicals by homolytic fission. Organic peroxides (such as dibenzoyl peroxide, as shown in Figure 1) or azo compounds are popular radical initiators. A low concentration ratio of radical initiator to monomer is...
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Shape Memory Polymers for Active Cell Culture
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活的动态聚合物材料 活的动态聚合物材料

Jiahui Liu1, Marek W Urban1

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA. mareku@clemson.edu.

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概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

材料科学研究揭示了静态材料热力学和生物系统之间的平行. 探索动态聚合物网络及其生物类型,重点关注非平衡过程和发展挑战.

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科学领域:

  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 生物物理学的生物物理.
  • 热力学是一种热力学.

背景情况:

  • 最近的材料研究突出了静态材料热力学和生物系统之间的相似之处.
  • 生物系统通过非平衡过程运行,为物质特性提供了新的视角.

研究的目的:

  • 探索材料科学与生物学之间的相似之处,特别关注非平衡过程.
  • 检查各种规模的动态聚合物网络及其生物对应物.

主要方法:

  • 对材料特性和生物过程进行比较分析.
  • 复习多刺激动态聚合物网络 (共价和非共价).
  • 在分子,细胞和物种层面检查生物系统.

主要成果:

  • 证明了静态材料的平衡热力学与非平衡生物过程之间的相似之处.
  • 确定了动态聚合物网络作为研究这些平行线的关键系统.
  • 突出了这些相似之处的多层次性质,从纳米到宏观和分子到物种水平.

结论:

  • 非平衡过程对于理解动态材料和生物系统的功能性质至关重要.
  • 对动态聚合物网络和生物类型的进一步研究可以为材料开发提供新的机会.
  • 通过非平衡热力学将材料科学和生物学联系起来,为创新提供了一个有前途的途径.