中间知识提高了胺合产量预测模型的性能.
Chonghuan Zhang1,2, Qianghua Lin2, Chenxi Yang3
1Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong PR China 511436 yu_zhunzhun@gzlab.ac.cn liao_kuangbiao@gzlab.ac.cn.
Chemical science
|June 9, 2025
概括
机器学习通过结合高通量实验 (HTE) 和中间知识嵌入,准确地预测胺合反应产量. 这种方法增强了条件推,并促进了医药化学中的相关机器学习任务.
科学领域:
- 药用化学 医学化学
- 机器学习 机器学习
- 化学合成 化学合成
背景情况:
- 胺基合在药物化学中至关重要,但由于巨大条件空间,建议最佳反应条件具有挑战性.
- 由于反应参数和结果之间的复杂关系,难以准确预测产量.
- 机器学习为化学反应中高效的条件推和产量预测提供了一个有前途的方法.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个强大的机器学习策略,用于在胺合反应中准确预测产量.
- 为了提高化学转化条件建议的效率和可靠性.
- 证明将高通量实验 (HTE) 与知识嵌入式模型相结合的可行性.
主要方法:
- 数据集的质量通过对各种基板和条件进行无偏的机器采样来确保.
- 实验使用内部高通量实验 (HTE) 平台进行,以尽量减少人为错误.
- 采用了知识嵌入式中间策略,以提高模型的稳定性和预测准确性.
主要成果:
- 该模型在测试数据集上实现了高性能,在完全基质新的情况下,R2为0.89,MAE为6.1%,RMSE为8.0%.
- 该策略在外部文献数据集上表现出良好的概括性,产生0.71的R2,7%的MAE和10%的RMSE.
- 该模型成功地推了条件以提高反应产量,并与反应性悬崖配对识别了更高产量的反应.
结论:
- 通过将HTE和中间知识嵌入到机器学习模型中,可以对胺合反应进行准确的产量预测.
- 这种综合方法显著改善了条件推,并促进了化学中的相关机器学习应用.
- 开发的战略显示了在加速化学发现和优化方面具有更广泛应用的潜力.
相关概念视频
Preparation of Amides
3.0K
Amides are synthesized by treating carboxylic acids with amines in the presence of dehydrating agents like dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC).
The DCC-promoted synthesis of amides begins with the protonation of DCC by carboxylic acid. The protonation makes it a better acceptor. Next, the addition of carboxylate to the protonated carbodiimide gives a reactive acylating agent.
Subsequently, the amine acts as a nucleophile that attacks the acylating agent to form a tetrahedral intermediate. In the...
The DCC-promoted synthesis of amides begins with the protonation of DCC by carboxylic acid. The protonation makes it a better acceptor. Next, the addition of carboxylate to the protonated carbodiimide gives a reactive acylating agent.
Subsequently, the amine acts as a nucleophile that attacks the acylating agent to form a tetrahedral intermediate. In the...
3.0K
Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines
5.7K
Heterocyclic amines, where the N atom is a part of an alicyclic system, are similar in basicity to alkylamines. Interestingly, the heterocyclic amine having a nitrogen atom as part of an aromatic ring has much less basicity than its corresponding alicyclic counterpart. For this reason, as presented in Figure 1, piperidine (pKb = 2.8) is significantly more basic than pyridine (pKb = 8.8).
5.7K
¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling
1.7K
The coupling interactions of nuclei across four or more bonds are usually weak, with J values less than 1 Hz. While these are usually not observed in spectra, the presence of multiple bonds along the coupling pathway can result in observable long-range coupling.
In alkenes, spin information is communicated via σ–π overlap, as seen in allylic (four-bond) and homoallylic (five-bond) couplings. These coupling interactions are stronger when the σ bond is parallel to the alkene...
In alkenes, spin information is communicated via σ–π overlap, as seen in allylic (four-bond) and homoallylic (five-bond) couplings. These coupling interactions are stronger when the σ bond is parallel to the alkene...
1.7K
Aryldiazonium Salts to Azo Dyes: Diazo Coupling
2.9K
The reaction of weakly electrophilic aryldiazonium (also called arenediazonium) salts with highly activated aromatic compounds leads to the formation of products with an —N=N— link, called an azo linkage. This reaction, presented in Figure 1, is known as diazo coupling and occurs without the loss of the nitrogen atoms of the aryldiazonium salt. Highly activated aromatic compounds such as phenols or arylamines favor the diazo coupling reaction. The coupling generally occurs at the...
2.9K
Aldehydes and Ketones with Amines: Imine Formation Mechanism
5.3K
Imine formation involves the addition of carbonyl compounds to a primary amine. It begins with the generation of carbinolamine through a series of steps involving an initial nucleophilic attack and then several proton transfer reactions. The second part includes the elimination of water, as a leaving group, to give the imine.
Imines are formed under mildly acidic conditions. A pH of 4.5 is ideal for the reaction.
If the pH is low or the solution is too acidic, the reaction slows down in the...
Imines are formed under mildly acidic conditions. A pH of 4.5 is ideal for the reaction.
If the pH is low or the solution is too acidic, the reaction slows down in the...
5.3K
Amines to Amides: Acylation of Amines
2.4K
Various carboxylic acid derivatives (such as acid chlorides, esters, and anhydrides) can be used for the acylation of amines to yield amides. The reaction requires two equivalents of amines. The first amine molecule functions as a nucleophile and attacks the carbonyl carbon to produce a tetrahedral intermediate. This is followed by the loss of the leaving group and restoration of the C=O bond.
Next, the second equivalent of amine serves as a Brønsted base and deprotonates the quaternary...
Next, the second equivalent of amine serves as a Brønsted base and deprotonates the quaternary...
2.4K


