埃塞俄比亚的异酸耐药结核病和相关因素
S Moga1,2, T Abebe1, K Bobosha3
1Addis Ababa University (AAU), Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Public health action
|June 9, 2025
概括
耐伊索尼亚,耐利芬易感结核病 (Hr-TB) 是埃塞俄比亚最常见的耐药结核病. 由于其流行率和缺乏明确的风险因素,建议在基线时对所有结核病例进行异化耐药性查.
科学领域:
- 菌株学 菌株学 菌株学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 耐伊索尼亚齐德,耐利芬素敏感结核病 (Hr-TB) 是最常见的耐药结核病 (DR-TB) 形式.
- 了解Hr-TB的流行率和风险因素对于埃塞俄比亚有效的结核病控制战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查埃塞俄比亚Hr-TB的流行情况.
- 为了确定与Hr-TB相关的风险因素.
- 为了比较Hr-TB病例的特征与多抗药性结核病 (MDR-TB) 和对药物敏感的结核病.
主要方法:
- 通过使用国家药物耐药性调查 (2017-2019) 的数据进行了一项横截面研究.
- 分析了来自肺结核患者的结核菌菌菌分离物.
- 确定了Hr-TB的流行率和风险因素,并与MDR-TB和易感结核病进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 热结核的患病率为4.1%,高于MDR-TB (1.9%).
- 根据地区,Hr-TB的患病率差异很大,特别高在阿姆哈拉 (8.0%) 和亚的斯亚贝巴 (7.1%).
- 在新的结核病例和先前治疗的结核病例之间,Hr-TB的发生率没有差异,但随着年龄的增长而增加,并与对其他结核病药物的耐药性有关.
结论:
- 埃塞俄比亚的HR-TB是埃塞俄比亚的主流DR-TB,区域差异很大.
- 由于没有明确的临床风险因素,因此在所有细菌学确认的结核病例中,需要对异化剂耐药性进行基线查.
- 这一发现支持在诊断时实施普遍的异化物耐药性查.
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