印度尼西亚和马来西亚成年人营养摄入量充足程度:系统审查和元分析
Rina Agustina1,2, Rachmi Mufida2, Wanda Lasepa2
1Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Current developments in nutrition
|June 9, 2025
概括
印度尼西亚和马来西亚成年人的营养摄入量差异很大. 纤维,和几种维生素的缺乏是常见的,以及某些矿物质的过度摄入,突出了饮食干预的必要性.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 系统性审查和元分析
背景情况:
- 营养素的不足或过度消费与增加的健康风险有关.
- 关于营养素摄入量,特别是成年人群的综合数据有限.
- 了解饮食模式对于预防营养不良和相关疾病至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在印度尼西亚和马来西亚系统审查和元分析成年人 (≥18岁) 的宏观和微量营养素摄入量.
- 与已确定的饮食建议 (RDA/RNI,EAR) 相比,评估营养充足度.
- 为了确定这些人群中普遍存在的营养缺乏和过量.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Scopus,ProQuest和Cochrane数据库 (1980年1月 - 2023年12月) 进行系统的文献搜索.
- 包括82项关于宏观和微量营养素摄入量的研究.
- 使用推日用量 (RDA) /推营养摄入量 (RNI),估计平均推 (EAR) 和标准化平均差异 (SMD) 来计算营养充足度.
主要成果:
- 马来西亚人的蛋白质摄入量超过了建议,但在印度尼西亚人中不足.
- 在这两个国家报告的纤维摄入量不足 (10.7%-72.7%的RDA/RNI).
- 总体而言,摄入量不足 (SMD: -3.69),这两个国家都有显著的缺陷.
- 脂肪溶性维生素摄入量 (除维生素A外) 低于EAR. 水溶性维生素的摄入量差异很大 (13%-838%的EAR).
- 在这两个国家观察到,和铜的摄入量不足.
- 印尼人缺乏铁和,而马来西亚人摄入量较低.
- 马来西亚成年人摄入过多的和;印度尼西亚人摄入过多的.
结论:
- 印度尼西亚和马来西亚的成年人在能量和营养摄入量方面表现出很大的差异,其中显著的是宏观营养素和水溶性维生素的差异.
- 持续缺乏纤维,脂溶性维生素,,,,和铜影响了这两个人群.
- 特定的缺陷 (印度尼西亚的铁,;马来西亚的) 和过剩 (马来西亚的,;印度尼西亚的) 需要有针对性的公共卫生战略和多方利益相关者的合作.
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