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在机器学习驱动的败血症风险预测中考虑社会人口结构
Katrina E Hauschildt1, Annie Pan1, Taylor Bernstein1
1Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
Critical care medicine
|June 9, 2025
概括
在人工智能 (AI) 和机器学习 (ML) 模型中报告社会人口统计数据来预测败血症是不够的. 为了公平的AI工具,需要对这些数据和分层绩效评估进行一致的采用.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 机器学习 (ML) 和人工智能 (AI) 越来越多地用于败血症预测.
- 准则强调报告人口统计和分层分析,以检测社会人口统计偏见.
- 对败血症的AI/ML模型的评估需要评估它们对社会人口统计数据和公平性的报告.
研究的目的:
- 评估AI和ML模型中的社会人口统计数据报告,以预测败血症.
- 评估这些模型中使用分层分析和公平性指标的使用.
- 识别报告中可能阻碍公平预测工具发展的漏洞.
主要方法:
- 使用PubMed和谷歌学者识别了系统和叙事评论.
- 提取了2023年1月至2024年6月期间发表的预测败血症,相关结果或成人治疗的研究.
- 数据提取的重点是社会人口统计报告,作为预测因素的纳入,分层,公平度量和限制.
主要成果:
- 审查了120项研究;83%报告了地理位置,67%的性别/性别,20%的种族/种族.
- 只有2%的研究报告了社会人口统计学方面的分层表现,没有使用正式的公平性指标.
- 在33%的研究中注意到缺乏地理异质性;很少有人报告缺乏社会人口统计学考虑作为限制.
结论:
- 包括社会人口统计数据和分层绩效评估对于公平的AI风险预测工具至关重要.
- 目前在AI/ML败血症模型中采用这些基本步骤是不一致的.
- 需要进一步努力,以确保针对败血症的AI模型在不同人群中得到公平开发和验证.
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