视力减弱对初学者飞行员模拟飞行性能的影响:建立基于性能和运营代表性的视力敏度标准
Allison Lynch1, Naila Ayala1, Shi Cao1
1University of Waterloo, Canada.
Human factors
|June 9, 2025
概括
轻微的视力恶化不会影响飞行模拟中的初学者飞行员表现. 然而,完全视力丧失导致失去了飞机控制,随着视力恶化,报告的压力和困难增加.
科学领域:
- 航空心理学 航空心理学
- 人类因素工程 人类因素工程
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
背景情况:
- 飞行员的视觉标准至关重要,但可能会影响候选人池和保留.
- 关于视觉如何影响飞行员绩效的研究有限.
- 这项研究解决了理解视觉在航空中的作用的差距.
研究的目的:
- 评估模拟视觉退化对飞行员绩效的影响.
- 为了评估所感知的压力和任务难度的变化,视力受损.
- 为了告知飞行员视觉标准的潜在修订.
主要方法:
- 20名新手飞行员 (0-300个飞行小时) 使用ALSIM AL250.0执行模拟飞行任务 (降落,电路).
- 视力敏度 (VA) 从6/6 (20/20) 降低到6/60,包括无视觉状态.
- 测量了飞行性能 (垂直速度,高度,态度) 和主观压力/难度.
主要成果:
- 视力下降到6/60并没有显著影响着陆或电路性能.
- 完全失去视力导致失去了飞机控制.
- 感知到的压力和任务难度随着视力敏度的下降而增加.
结论:
- 新手飞行员可以保持模拟飞行控制,视力敏度低至6/60.
- 在模拟飞行中完全失明会导致立即失去控制.
- 视力减弱增加了飞行员的压力和感知的困难,这表明需要重新评估当前的视觉标准.
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