与新生儿呼吸道同胞性病毒摄入相关的人口特征 预防新生儿呼吸道同胞性病毒
Richelle L Homo1, Sarah Smith2, Megan L Donahue2
1Department of Pediatrics, Brooke Army Medical Center, Division of Neonatal and Perinatal Medicine, San Antonio, TX 78234, United States.
Military medicine
|June 9, 2025
概括
在通用医疗保健系统内,新生儿中观察到呼吸道同胞性病毒 (RSV) 预防的高吸收率. 专注于生命的第一个月对于解决剩余的预防缺口至关重要.
科学领域:
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 新的RSV预防方案,包括母体RSVPreF疫苗接种和婴儿nirsevimab,于2023年推出.
- 这些干预措施旨在减少新生儿严重的呼吸道同胞病毒 (RSV) 结局.
- 了解预防接收在医疗保健环境中至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查在美国军事医疗机构内新生儿接受RSV预防的情况.
- 为了确定影响预防药物管理的人口因素.
- 评估普遍获得医疗保健对RSV预防的影响.
主要方法:
- 对2023年10月16日至2024年3月31日之间出生的新生儿进行了回顾性分析.
- 纳入标准集中在母婴单位或新生儿重症监护室的入院,不包括死亡率或出院前的转移.
- 描述性统计和千平方测试分析了RSV预防率 (P < .05显著性).
主要成果:
- 80% (455/571) 的符合条件的新生儿接受了适当的RSV预防 (母体RSVPreF或婴儿nirsevimab).
- 在现役/储备/护卫母亲的婴儿中,摄入量更高 (84%),而不是依赖者/退休人员 (77%;P = .047).
- 根据母亲的种族或等级,没有注意到吸收的显著差异.
结论:
- 在通用医疗保健模式下,实现了高RSV预防率.
- 孕产妇服务人员的身份可能会影响预防措施的采用.
- 产后的第一个月对于解决预防缺口至关重要,特别是在依赖/退休人口中.
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