改变方向培训的具体性:对不同测试的表现的影响
Michael Keiner1, Konstantin Warneke2, Josua Skratek3
1Department of Training and Exercise Science, German University of Health & Sport, Ismaning, Germany.
Journal of strength and conditioning research
|June 9, 2025
概括
有针对性的改变方向 (COD) 训练可以提高各种COD测试的性能,特别是当训练角度超过120度时. 在COD训练的特异性最大限度地提高了运动员的表现.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 改变方向 (COD) 能力对于运动表现至关重要,特别是在像足球这样的体育运动中.
- 关于COD训练特异性的有效性仍在争论中,这对优化运动发展产生了影响.
- 标准化的足球训练可能无法完全解决在比赛中遇到的各种COD需求.
研究的目的:
- 通过将目标协议与标准足球实践进行比较,调查COD训练的特殊性.
- 确定是否将COD训练练与特定测试对齐可以提高性能适应性.
- 评估不同COD培训干预措施对各种COD测试中的性能的影响.
主要方法:
- 这是一项为期四周的随机干预,涉及77名青少年足球运动员.
- 四组:505个COD任务培训,三角COD任务培训,曲线冲刺COD任务培训和一个控制组.
- 参与者每周完成3次额外的COD培训课程,以及定期的足球训练.
主要成果:
- 涉及120°以上切割的COD训练 (三角形和505组) 在所有测试的COD任务 (三角形,505,曲线冲刺) 中显著提高了性能.
- 曲线冲刺干预组仅在曲线冲刺测试中表现出改善.
- 对照组在任何COD测试中都没有显著提高性能.
结论:
- 将COD培训定制为COD测试的特定运动要求,最大限度地提高了性能.
- 使用更宽的角度 (>120°) 进行COD训练,可以在不同的COD测试中更好地转移.
- 虽然运动特定的COD需求是复杂的,但有针对性的培训可以有效地提高COD性能.
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