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神经系统3D模型的最新进展用于神经再生研究和药物开发

Hui Zhu¹, Cong Yao¹, Zhengqi Xu¹

¹State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Additive Manufacturing Medical Devices, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; State Industry-Education Integration Center for Medical Innovations, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China.

Acta biomaterialia

|June 9, 2025

概括

三维 (3D) 神经模型,如有机体和器官芯片系统,为神经系统药物发现提供了先进的工具. 这些仿生模型比传统方法更好地复制人类的神经组织,加速治疗的发展.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
生物技术是生物技术.
药理学药理学是指药理学的学科.

背景情况:

对神经系统疾病的药物开发面临挑战,原因是对神经系统生理学和病变发生的理解有限.
传统的二维细胞培养和动物模型不足以模仿人类复杂的中央 (CNS) 和外围 (PNS) 神经系统.

研究的目的:

审查最先进的三维 (3D) 神经模型,用于研究神经系统生理学和病理学.
强调这些先进的3D模型在神经药物开发中的应用.

主要方法:

各种体外3D神经建模技术的比较 (有机体,器官芯片,3D打印的支架).
分析这些模型如何复制神经组织的结构复杂性,生物功能和微环境.

主要成果:

与传统方法相比,3D神经模型提供了人类神经组织特征的优越复制.
这些模型适用于疾病建模,药理动力学/药理动力学测试以及对中枢神经系统和脑后神经系统疾病的药物安全性评估.

结论:

3D神经模型具有重大潜力,可以彻底改变神经学研究,加速神经系统疾病的药物发现.
解决模型准确性和可扩展性的当前挑战对于这些先进的仿生工具的临床翻译至关重要.

关键词:

3D神经组织模型在CNS/PNS中使用.药物开发药物开发芯片上的神经系统神经器官有机体的神经器官有机体

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Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue

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In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...