评估保护区对陆地生物多样性威胁的覆盖范围
Katherine Pulido-Chadid1, Carsten Rahbek1,2,3,4, Jonas Geldmann1
1Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
概括
全球保护区 (PAs) 显示出与生物多样性威胁的重大脱节. 许多高危地区,特别是对两动物和哺乳动物来说,仍然受到保护不足,这凸显了迫切的保护差距.
科学领域:
- 保护科学 保护科学
- 生物多样性研究 生物多样性研究
- 空间分析 空间分析
背景情况:
- 保护区 (PAs) 对全球生物多样性保护至关重要,并经历了显著的扩张.
- 然而,日益增加的人类压力威胁到这些保护工作的有效性.
- 由于生物多样性的威胁不断升级,实现保护目标具有挑战性.
研究的目的:
- 分析保护区覆盖面和主要生物多样性威胁之间的空间关系.
- 确定具有高威胁概率和不充分保护的地区.
- 通过评估PA对威胁的有效性,为大规模的保护计划提供信息.
主要方法:
- 利用来自IUCN红色名单和世界保护区数据库的威胁概率地图.
- 分析了 33,379 个物种和 255,848 个主要威胁类别 (农业,狩猎,伐木,污染,入侵物种,城市化) 的 255,848 个保护区的数据.
- 采用了通用的添加模型来评估威胁-PA覆盖关系,并检查了受保护不足和受威胁地区的全球空间模式.
主要成果:
- 全球保护区覆盖面和威胁概率之间存在显著的脱节,21%的高威胁区域受到保护不足.
- 超过一半的两动物和哺乳动物息地面临着严重的威胁,因为PA覆盖范围不足.
- 两动物经历的同时威胁的比例最高,保护不足的地区包含所有分类群体中最受威胁的物种.
结论:
- 当前的保护区网络可能无法充分解决全球最关键的生物多样性威胁.
- 保护不足的地区是危物种的热点,强调需要战略扩张和改善PA的管理.
- 结果为优化保护战略和资源分配提供了关键的空间见解,以减轻生物多样性丧失.
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