统计建模用于调整适应性平台试验中的时间趋势,使用非并发控制
Pavla Krotka1,2, Martin Posch1, Mohamed Gewily3
1Center for Medical Data Science, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Biometrical journal. Biometrische Zeitschrift
|June 10, 2025
概括
本研究引入了新的频率模型,以减少在平台试验中使用非并发控制 (NCC) 数据时的偏差. 当纳入NCC数据时,周期调整模型对时间趋势最为稳健.
科学领域:
- 生物统计学 生物统计学
- 临床试验设计 临床试验设计
- 药学研究 药学研究
背景情况:
- 平台试验越来越多地使用非并发控制 (NCC) 数据来提高效率.
- 纳入NCC数据可以提高统计能力,减少样本大小要求.
- 在NCC数据中的时间偏移可以引入对效果估计器的偏差.
研究的目的:
- 建议和评估基于频率模型的方法,用于使用NCC数据分析迟进入的武器.
- 为了减轻使用NCC数据时由时间漂移引入的潜在偏差.
- 在平台试验分析中调整时间变化的效应.
主要方法:
- 建议对NCC数据的现有时间调整模型进行两个扩展.
- 研究了固定长度的日历时间间隔和基于模型的替代调整 (随机效应,多项式分线).
- 通过模拟研究和案例研究评估性能.
主要成果:
- 基于Spline的时间调整控制了I型错误,使时间趋势平稳,并提供了功率增益.
- 经过周期调整的固定效应模型对任意时间趋势表现出了稳定性,假设跨部门的平等性.
- 在使用NCC数据时,对于具有突然时间趋势变化的试验,偏好周期调整模型.
结论:
- 新的频率模型有效地利用NCC数据,同时在平台试验中调整时间效应.
- 模型的选择取决于时间趋势和数据特征的性质.
- 周期调整模型提供了一个强大的解决方案,用于处理NCC数据的时间变化影响,特别是在复杂的场景中.
相关概念视频
Study Design in Statistics
7.9K
A study design is a set of techniques that allow a researcher to collect and analyze data from different variables defined for a specific research problem. Statistics is commonly for effective study design and more robust experiments,
Does aspirin reduce the risk of heart attacks? Is one brand of fertilizer more effective at growing roses than another? Is fatigue as dangerous to a driver as the influence of alcohol? Questions like these are answered using randomized experiments with proper...
Does aspirin reduce the risk of heart attacks? Is one brand of fertilizer more effective at growing roses than another? Is fatigue as dangerous to a driver as the influence of alcohol? Questions like these are answered using randomized experiments with proper...
7.9K
Comparing the Survival Analysis of Two or More Groups
158
Survival analysis is a cornerstone of medical research, used to evaluate the time until an event of interest occurs, such as death, disease recurrence, or recovery. Unlike standard statistical methods, survival analysis is particularly adept at handling censored data—instances where the event has not occurred for some participants by the end of the study or remains unobserved. To address these unique challenges, specialized techniques like the Kaplan-Meier estimator, log-rank test, and...
158
Experimental Designs
11.1K
An experimental design is a systematic process that allows researchers to evaluate the relationship between dependent and independent variables. There are three widely used types of experimental design - pre-experimental design, true experimental design, and quasi-experimental design. In pre-experimental design, the researcher compares the data before and after some interventions or treatments. The true-experimental design has more than one purposefully created group, a commonly measured...
11.1K
Randomized Experiments
6.8K
The randomization process involves assigning study participants randomly to experimental or control groups based on their probability of being equally assigned. Randomization is meant to eliminate selection bias and balance known and unknown confounding factors so that the control group is similar to the treatment group as much as possible. A computer program and a random number generator can be used to assign participants to groups in a way that minimizes bias.
Simple randomization
Simple...
Simple randomization
Simple...
6.8K


