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相关概念视频

Actin Polymerization and Cell Motility01:13

Actin Polymerization and Cell Motility

5.1K
Actin is a family of globular proteins that are highly abundant in eukaryotic cells. It makes up approximately 1-5% of total cell protein concentration. Actin monomers polymerize to form a complex network of polarized filaments, the actin cytoskeleton, that plays a crucial role in many cellular processes, including cell motility, division, endocytosis, and metastasis of cancer cells.
Actin cytoskeleton dynamics can produce pushing, pulling, and resistance forces that help the cell to migrate....
5.1K
Generation of Straight or Branched Actin Filaments01:14

Generation of Straight or Branched Actin Filaments

2.9K
The straight or branched structure formation of actin filaments is controlled by nucleating proteins such as the formins and Arp2/3 complex. Formin-mediated assembly results in straight filaments, whereas Arp2/3 protein complex-mediated assembly results in branched actin filaments.
Arp2/3 Complex
Arp2/3 complex is a seven-subunit complex consisting of two proteins similar to actin- Arp2 and Arp3, and five other subunits that help keep Arp2 and Arp3 inactive. When required, the complex is...
2.9K
Mechanism of Filopodia Formation01:39

Mechanism of Filopodia Formation

2.3K
Filopodia are thin, actin-rich cellular protrusions that play an important role in many fundamental cellular functions. They vary in their occurrence, length, and positioning in different cell types, suggesting their diverse roles.
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...
2.3K
Introduction to Actin01:26

Introduction to Actin

4.9K
Actin is a highly conserved cytoskeletal protein found abundantly in eukaryotic cells. It constitutes 10% weight of the total cellular protein in muscle cells, while in non-muscle cells, it is lower and makes up around 1–5 percent of the total cell protein. Actin found in the unicellular amoebae and complex multicellular animals is around 80% similar, demonstrating their conservation over a billion years of evolution.  Actin coding genes are conserved within species and across...
4.9K
Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation01:31

Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation

2.5K
Cells migrating in response to external stimuli form lamellipodia, which are thin membrane protrusions supported by a mesh of linked, branched, or unbranched actin filaments. These actin filaments interact with myosin motor proteins, creating the dynamic actomyosin complex within the cytoskeleton. Contractility, or the ability to generate contractile stress, is inherent to the actomyosin complex. It helps cells detect the stiffness of the surrounding ECM and exert contractile force for...
2.5K
Cancer Cell Migration through Invadopodia01:35

Cancer Cell Migration through Invadopodia

2.3K
Invadosome is a broad category of cell surface structures with proteolytic activity that  degrades the extracellular matrix (ECM). Invadosomes are present in normal cell types, including macrophages, endothelial cells, and neurons, as well as tumor cells. Although the macrophage podosomes and tumor cell invadopodia are classified as invadosomes, they have different structures, molecular pathways, and functions. Podosomes are short structures that last for a few minutes. However,...
2.3K

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Proteomic and transcriptomic signatures of cytoskeletal remodeling during morphogenesis in the basal metazoan <i>Halisarca dujardinii</i> (Porifera).

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 12, 2025

The C. elegans Intestine As a Model for Intercellular Lumen Morphogenesis and In Vivo Polarized Membrane Biogenesis at the Single-cell Level: Labeling by Antibody Staining, RNAi Loss-of-function Analy
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The C. elegans Intestine As a Model for Intercellular Lumen Morphogenesis and In Vivo Polarized Membrane Biogenesis at the Single-cell Level: Labeling by Antibody Staining, RNAi Loss-of-function Analy

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在海绵形态遗传学过程中,不同的内子含有actin.

Yulia V Lyupina1, Kim I Adameyko1, Vasiliy M Zubarev2

  • 1N.K. Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia.

NAR genomics and bioinformatics
|June 10, 2025
PubMed
概括

这项研究揭示了海绵Halisarca dujardini既具有内部含有和内部不含的actin基因. 这些不同的actin变体执行不同的功能,影响细胞结构和海绵发育.

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Analyzing In Vivo Cell Migration using Cell Transplantations and Time-lapse Imaging in Zebrafish Embryos
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Aip1p Dynamics Are Altered by the R256H Mutation in Actin
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相关实验视频

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The C. elegans Intestine As a Model for Intercellular Lumen Morphogenesis and In Vivo Polarized Membrane Biogenesis at the Single-cell Level: Labeling by Antibody Staining, RNAi Loss-of-function Analy
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Analyzing In Vivo Cell Migration using Cell Transplantations and Time-lapse Imaging in Zebrafish Embryos
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Aip1p Dynamics Are Altered by the R256H Mutation in Actin
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科学领域:

  • 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
  • 进化生物学 进化生物学
  • 生物化学 生化学

背景情况:

  • 细胞骨架,特别是动因纤维,对于真核细胞机制,细胞内运输和细胞运动至关重要.
  • 有机体通常具有多个actin变体,具有类似的序列,但不同的基因结构,包括内部存在.
  • 体 (海绵) 为研究早期动物进化和基因多样化提供了一个独特的模型.

研究的目的:

  • 为了研究海绵Halisarca dujardini中含有内突和无内突的活性基因的功能分歧.
  • 描述基因表达的差异,转化后的修改和这些actin变体的局部化.
  • 了解不同类型的活性蛋白在海绵细胞生物学和形态发生过程中的作用.

主要方法:

  • 进行比较基因组学以识别actin基因变异.
  • 基因表达特征分析以分析转录水平.
  • 对翻译后修改的分析.
  • 使用显微镜进行细胞和亚细胞局部化研究.

主要成果:

  • 哈利斯卡·杜贾丁尼 (Halisarca dujardini) 既具有内基含有基因,也具有内基不含的基因.
  • 无线性actin基因 (HdA1/2/3) 是最近的重复,显示较低的分歧,并作为主要细胞骨actins的功能.
  • 含有内子的动因基因 (HdA6) 在特定的细胞系中被差异性表达,并与细胞聚合状态相关联.
  • 这些动因表现出不同的表达特征,后翻译性修饰和细胞局部化.

结论:

  • 动蛋白基因多样化,包括内部存在,有助于海绵的功能专业化.
  • 无内子的行为体具有基本的细胞骨作用,而含内子的行为体则参与特殊的形态遗传过程.
  • 这项研究突出了早期元动物中actin基因的进化灵活性及其对生物体发育的影响.