智力水平和自闭症严重程度对自适应功能和自闭症谱系障碍学龄儿童的认知-自适应功能缺口的影响
Wen-Yuan Jin1, Chao Song1, Yan-Yan Wang1
1Department of Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment
|June 10, 2025
概括
智力和自闭症严重程度显著影响自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 儿童的适应性功能. 较高的认知能力与更好的适应能力相关,而受限制的行为与功能低下有关.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 儿童心理学 儿童心理学
- 行为神经科学 行为神经科学
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是一种复杂的神经发育状况,其特点是社交沟通缺陷和限制性,重复性行为.
- 适应性功能,包括概念,社会和实践技能,对于日常生活至关重要,并且在ASD患者中经常受到损害.
- 了解影响适应性功能的因素以及认知能力和适应能力之间的差异对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查影响ASD学龄儿童适应功能的关键因素.
- 在这个人群中探索认知能力和适应性功能之间的差距的决定因素.
- 确定智力水平,自闭症症状严重程度和适应性结果之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 107名患有自闭症的学龄儿童的队列使用适应性行为评估系统 (ABAS) 进行了评估.
- 智力测量使用儿童韦克斯勒智力表 (WISC),自闭症症状严重程度被评估自闭症诊断观察表 (ADOS).
- 使用斯皮尔曼相关性和等级回归分析来检查认知,行为和适应性措施之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 在WISC指数 (VCI,PRI,WMI,PSI) 和全尺度智商 (FSIQ) 上的较高得分与适应性功能 (概念,社会,实用) 和通用适应性复合 (GAC) 的所有领域都有正相关.
- 根据ADOS分数 (社会影响,限制和重复行为,总分数) 显示,自闭症症状的严重程度增加与适应性功能领域和GAC.负相关.
- 认知能力 (WISC,FSIQ) 与认知适应性功能缺陷有正相关,而自闭症严重程度 (SA,RRB,总分) 与这些缺陷有反向相关.
结论:
- 智力水平和自闭症症状严重程度是对ASD儿童适应性功能作出重大贡献的重要因素.
- 认知能力在适应性技能中起着至关重要的作用,而这些领域的缺陷可能会扩大认知-适应性功能差距.
- 干预措施应考虑认知特征和自闭症行为特征,以改善适应性结果.
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