Jove
Visualize
联系我们
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
关于 JoVE
概览领导团队博客JoVE 帮助中心
作者
出版流程编辑委员会范围与政策同行评审常见问题投稿
图书馆员
用户评价订阅访问资源图书馆顾问委员会常见问题
研究
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments存档
教育
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab Manual教师资源中心教师网站
使用条款与条件
隐私政策
政策

相关概念视频

Birth Control Methods01:22

Birth Control Methods

215
Vasectomy is a surgical form of male sterilization that involves severing and sealing the vasa deferentia, preventing sperm from mixing with semen during ejaculation. Because a vasectomy does not impact the testes' ability to produce testosterone, hormone levels, libido, and sexual function generally remain unchanged. While vasectomy is highly effective in preventing pregnancy, with a success rate near 99.85%, rare cases of recanalization (spontaneous reconnection) can occur. Although...
215
Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle01:30

Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle

451
The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle.  At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...
451
Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism01:27

Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism

3.8K
Synergism is a useful mechanism where combining two or more drugs is more effective than each constituent used alone. Such combinations are also called supra-additive interactions. The drugs collectively enhance the final therapeutic effect by acting on different targets. Another advantage is that the low dose of each constituent drug is sufficient to achieve the desired effect. This helps reduce the duration of therapy and lower the adverse effects of these drugs.
Such synergistic combinations...
3.8K
Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle01:22

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle

320
The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins.
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH...
320
Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Presystemic Elimination01:24

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Presystemic Elimination

193
The pharmacokinetic journey of oral drugs begins with a crucial first pass through the hepatic portal system, called the first-pass effect. This first pass significantly impacts bioavailability — the proportion of a drug that enters systemic circulation and is available for therapeutic action. The primary route sees the drug absorbed by intestinal membranes and then shunted to the liver via the hepatic portal vein. Here, pre-systemic elimination occurs as drugs face metabolism or biliary...
193
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Sulfonylureas01:17

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Sulfonylureas

197
Sulfonylureas are oral hypoglycemic agents utilized in treating type 2 diabetes. They are characterized by their unique sulfonylurea chemical structure. The family of sulfonylureas is divided into generations. First-generation sulfonylureas, including tolbutamide (Orinase), chlorpropamide (Diabinese), and tolazamide (Tolinase), trigger insulin release from pancreatic β cells and enhance peripheral tissues' insulin sensitivity. The second-generation members, such as glipizide...
197

您也可能阅读

相关文章

通过共同作者、期刊和引用图与本文相关的文章。

排序
Same author

Gender, violence, and killing: Revisiting femicide, and the overlooked realities of male victimization.

International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics·2026
Same author

Induced abortion in the world: 3. In search of a minimum common ground.

International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics·2025
Same author

Induced abortion in the world: 2. Present views on pregnancy termination.

International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics·2025
Same author

Induced abortion in the world: 1. Perception of abortion throughout the centuries and by religions.

International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics·2025
Same author

Hormonal contraception, past, present, and future part 1: the early path - facts, stories, and controversies.

Expert review of clinical pharmacology·2025
Same author

Adenomyosis and Abnormal Uterine Bleeding: Review of the Evidence.

Biomolecules·2024

相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 16, 2025

Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives
08:46

Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives

Published on: September 16, 2021

5.9K

荷尔蒙避孕,过去,现在和未来的第二部分:优化联合口服避孕药,降低健康女性的风险

Manuela Farris1, Carlo Bastianelli2, Marwan Habiba3

  • 1Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Unicamillus. Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medicine, Rome, Italy.

Expert review of clinical pharmacology
|June 10, 2025
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

由于临床限制,口服避孕药从天然孕激素演变为合成孕激素和雌激素. 研究继续平衡有效性和安全性,考虑组合口服避孕药 (COC) 的各种孕激素特性.

关键词:
荷尔蒙避孕药是一种荷尔蒙避孕药.负面影响 负面影响避孕药是一种避孕药.雌激素是一种雌激素.乙乙二醇的使用方法药丸吓人的恐惧孕产腺素 孕产腺素静脉血栓塞栓症是一种静脉血栓塞栓.

更多相关视频

A Data Integration Workflow to Identify Drug Combinations Targeting Synthetic Lethal Interactions
07:40

A Data Integration Workflow to Identify Drug Combinations Targeting Synthetic Lethal Interactions

Published on: May 27, 2021

4.1K
Self-Nanoemulsification of Healthy Oils to Enhance the Solubility of Lipophilic Drugs
08:18

Self-Nanoemulsification of Healthy Oils to Enhance the Solubility of Lipophilic Drugs

Published on: July 27, 2022

1.0K

相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2025

Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives
08:46

Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives

Published on: September 16, 2021

5.9K
A Data Integration Workflow to Identify Drug Combinations Targeting Synthetic Lethal Interactions
07:40

A Data Integration Workflow to Identify Drug Combinations Targeting Synthetic Lethal Interactions

Published on: May 27, 2021

4.1K
Self-Nanoemulsification of Healthy Oils to Enhance the Solubility of Lipophilic Drugs
08:18

Self-Nanoemulsification of Healthy Oils to Enhance the Solubility of Lipophilic Drugs

Published on: July 27, 2022

1.0K

科学领域:

  • 生殖内分泌学 生殖内分泌学
  • 荷尔蒙避孕药物的药理学

背景情况:

  • 最初的荷尔蒙避孕研究集中在孕激素上,但其口服可用性较差和副作用需要合成孕激素.
  • 联合口服避孕药 (COC) 与雌激素 (乙inyl estradiol) 为周期控制而开发,但早期人们对血栓塞栓症的担忧出现了.
  • 对于较新的孕激素,已经报告了不良事件,这促使与已经确立的选择 (如levonorgestrel) 进行比较.

研究的目的:

  • 审查组合口服避孕药 (COC) 的历史发展和药理方面的考虑.
  • 讨论COC配方中的孕激素和雌激素成分的演变.
  • 为了突出比较不同COC制剂所面临的挑战,由于孕激素活性配置不同.

主要方法:

  • 关于荷尔蒙避孕药的历史研究和临床使用的文献综述.
  • 分析不同孕激素和雌激素的药理性质.
  • 检查各种COC配方报告的不良事件和风险-益处概况.

主要成果:

  • 从天然孕激素转变为口服活性的孕激素,并添加乙雌激醇 (EE),标志着在避孕方面取得了重大进展.
  • 由于对EE诱导的血栓塞栓症的担忧,导致COC中的EE含量减少.
  • 不同的孕激素表现出独特的雄激素,抗雄激素,抗雌激素和矿物质皮质激素活性,影响它们的风险-益处概况.

结论:

  • 碳化合物的开发涉及克服天然化合物的挑战,从而获得了更高效率和循环控制的合成替代品.
  • 目前正在进行的研究和配方变化旨在最大限度地减少副作用,特别是与雌激素成分相关的血栓栓塞.
  • 孕激素的各种药理特征需要在选择COC配方以满足个体患者需求时仔细考虑.