在全球海洋中,含有具有功能动机的PETases的细菌的广泛分布
Intikhab Alam1, Ramona Marasco2, Afaque A Momin3
1Center of Excellence for Smart Health, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
The ISME journal
|June 10, 2025
概括
海洋微生物已经进化出塑料降解酶,称为聚乙烯二甲酸酶 (PETases),以分解塑料污染. 这些PETases在海洋中广泛存在,特别是在深水和塑料污染的表面区域.
科学领域:
- 环境微生物学环境微生物学
- 生物技术是生物技术.
- 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
背景情况:
- 微生物正在进化酶来降解塑料污染.
- 塑料降解酶的多样性和分布,如聚乙烯四甲酶 (PETases),在海洋环境中,特别是深海,尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种计算方法,从变体中识别功能性PETase.
- 研究海洋生态系统中PETases的分布和活性.
- 了解海洋PETase编码细菌的分类起源.
主要方法:
- 生物信息学和基于人工智能的结构预测,以开发PETase识别算法.
- 在体外功能查和体内微观世界实验验以验证算法.
- 对415个海洋样本进行了元基因组和元转录组分析.
主要成果:
- 开发了一种可靠的算法和序列模式,用于识别功能性PETases.
- 在近80%的海洋样本中发现了23种PETase变体,主要在1000-2000米的深度和表面的塑料热点.
- 海洋PETases主要由Pseudomonadales编码和转录,与各种陆地PETases不同.
结论:
- 含PETase的细菌在碳有限的海洋生态系统中广泛分布.
- 这项研究确定了一种特定的PETase基因,该基因对聚乙烯四甲酸盐被海洋微生物降解至关重要.
- 这项研究提供了关于微生物适应海洋塑料污染的见解.
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