移民工人和当地工人之间的全因和因特定死亡率差异:丹麦基于人口的队列研究
Karen Lau1,2, George F Mkoma3,4, Bertina Kreshpaj5
1Migrant Health Research Group, Institute for Infection and Immunity, City St. George's, University of London and the Consortium for Migrant Worker Health, London, United Kingdom.
European journal of public health
|June 10, 2025
概括
来自中欧,东欧和中亚的移民工人与出生在丹麦的工人相比,面临更高的死亡风险,特别是事故死亡风险. 这种增加的风险与它们在高风险行业和职业中的普遍性有关.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 社会医学科学 社会医学科学
背景情况:
- 移民工人经常面临危险行业的不稳定就业.
- 关于外国出生的工人与本地出生的工人的相对死亡风险的数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较出生在国外和出生在丹麦的工人之间的所有原因和特定原因死亡率.
- 确定特定的高风险的外国出生工人群体.
- 调查经济部门和职业对死亡率差异的影响.
主要方法:
- 丹麦 (2015-2022) 全国基于登记的队列研究.
- 包括持有居留许可的移民工人和匹配的丹麦出生的工人.
- 使用扩展的Cox模型进行生存分析以估计死亡风险.
- 根据出生地区,经济部门和职业进行子组分析.
主要成果:
- 与丹麦出生的工人相比,来自中欧,东欧和中亚的男性移徙工人具有较高的全因死亡率 (HR=1.30) 和事故相关死亡率 (HR=1.64) 的风险.
- 这些差异部分归因于农业和建筑等高风险行业的代表性更高.
- 在基本职业中,来自这些地区的移徙工人表现出较高的全因死亡率 (HR=1.70) 和意外死亡率 (HR=1.51).
结论:
- 来自中欧,东欧和中亚的移民工人面临不成比例地更高的意外死亡风险.
- 高风险行业和基本职业的就业对这种增加的死亡率有很大影响.
- 解决健康的结构性决定因素对于防止弱势移民群体中可避免的死亡至关重要.
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