SLAMF1在病性病毒中利用的进化和结构基础 - - 对宿主范围和跨物种传播的影响
Ayumu Hyodo1, Fumio Seki2, Kento Fukuda3
1Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
PLoS pathogens
|June 10, 2025
概括
病理病毒可以通过改变其H蛋白来适应新宿主,利用信号淋巴细胞激活分子 (SLAM) 进入免疫细胞的保存结构特征.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 包括麻疹病毒 (MV) 在内的麻疹病毒对人类和动物构成重大威胁.
- 病毒进入免疫细胞依赖于信号淋巴细胞激活分子 (SLAM).
- 跨物种的病理病毒传播可能会导致高死亡率.
研究的目的:
- 调查保存的SLAM结构是否能够使病病毒跨物种传播.
- 为了确定病毒H蛋白中微小的遗传变化是否有助于宿主适应.
- 评估Morbillivirus适应新型SLAM受体的情况.
主要方法:
- 系统评估各种疾病病毒对SLAM的使用情况.
- 对MV进行实验性适应 Myotis蝙蝠 SLAM.
- 在病毒血凝素 (H) 蛋白中突变的分析.
主要成果:
- 大多数morbilliviruses有效地使用各种宿主SLAM,除了人类SLAM.
- 麻疹病毒 (MV) 独特地利用人类SLAM,但效率低下地使用Myotis蝙蝠SLAM.
- MV通过其H蛋白中的单个N187Y突变适应了Myotis蝙蝠SLAM.
- 祖先的SLAM可能作为所有morbilliviruses的通用受体.
结论:
- 保存的SLAM结构特征是morbillivirus受体使用的基础.
- 病毒H蛋白中最小的遗传变化使其能够快速适应各种动物SLAMs.
- 这为morbillivirus宿主范围扩张提供了分子基础.
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