暴露于不可预测的童年环境与成年期早期灭绝期间的杏仁体激活有关
Jessica M Duda1, Taylor J Keding1, Sahana Kribakaran2
1Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Developmental cognitive neuroscience
|June 10, 2025
概括
儿童时期的不可预测性影响成人威胁学习. 早期接触不可预测的照顾者在灭绝学习期间增加了杏仁体活动,这表明对神经发育和临床干预的持久影响.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 情感科学是一种情感科学.
背景情况:
- 早期的逆境会破坏神经发育,影响情绪调节和学习.
- 儿童时期的不可预测性是一个关键的环境因素,与改变的情感功能有关.
- 连接童年的不可预测性与成人灭绝学习的神经机制尚未得到充分理解.
研究的目的:
- 在健康的年轻成年人中调查童年不可预测性和在灭绝学习期间的神经激活之间的联系.
- 检查特定类型的不可预测性 (护理与远程) 在塑造神经反应中的作用.
- 探索童年不可预测性,灭绝学习和关键大脑区域的神经功能之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 在灭绝学习任务中,健康的年轻人 (N=45,年龄在18-30岁) 接受了功能磁共振成像 (fMRI).
- 参与者填写了评估童年不可预测性,当前焦虑和童年创伤的问卷.
- 分析了与灭绝学习相关的区域的神经激活,包括底侧杏仁体.
主要成果:
- 儿童时期更大的不可预测性与早期灭绝学习期间灭的威胁线索的基底侧杏仁体活动增加有关.
- 在控制当前焦虑和童年创伤后,这种关联仍然很重要.
- 具体而言,不可预测的护理与杏仁体的发现有关,而远端的不可预测性则没有.
- 没有发现与其他感兴趣的区域或皮肤导电性反应有重大关联.
结论:
- 儿童时期的不可预测性,特别是从照顾方面来看,对涉及威胁和安全学习的神经回路有持久的影响.
- 这些发现强调了稳定的早期环境对健康神经发育的重要性.
- 了解这些联系可以为具有早期逆境历史的个人提供有针对性的临床干预信息.
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