具有多个岛屿自身抗体的人群中的β细胞功能和葡萄糖耐受性,随机分配到无质饮食中
Marlena Maziarz1, Jaakko J Koskenniemi2,3, Maria Månsson Martinez1
1Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University CRC, Skåne University Hospital, 214 28 Malmö, Sweden.
Journal of the Endocrine Society
|June 11, 2025
概括
无质饮食 (GFD) 在具有多个岛屿自身抗体的个体中没有改善葡萄糖耐受性或保存β细胞功能. 这项随机试验与正常饮食 (ND) 相比没有发现显著差异.
科学领域:
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 患有多个小岛自身抗体的人有患1型糖尿病的风险.
- 饮食干预措施,如无质饮食 (GFD),正在探索它们在这种人群中保持β细胞功能和耐葡萄糖的潜力.
研究的目的:
- 评估无质饮食 (GFD) 对具有多个岛屿自身抗体的个体的β细胞功能和葡萄糖耐受性的影响.
- 为了比较GFD与正常饮食 (ND) 在维持葡萄糖平衡和维护胰腺β细胞功能的有效性.
主要方法:
- 一项随机临床试验,涉及59名具有多个小岛自身抗体的个体 (平均年龄为11岁).
- 参与者被分配到GFD (n=30) 或ND (n=29) 17个月,然后在ND上有6个月的洗期.
- 主要结局包括葡萄糖耐受性,第一阶段胰岛素反应和C-水平的变化.
主要成果:
- 在任何评估的葡萄糖耐受性结果中,GFD和ND组之间没有发现显著差异.
- 通过胰岛素反应和C-水平测量的β细胞功能在饮食干预组之间没有差异.
- 没有报告与GFD相关的严重不良事件或不良事件.
结论:
- 无质饮食 (GFD) 似乎没有提供比正常饮食 (ND) 在维护β细胞功能或维持多个岛屿自身抗体的个体正常的葡萄糖耐受性方面的好处.
- 可能需要进一步的研究来探索其他潜在的干预措施或可能受益于饮食修改的特定子组.
相关概念视频
Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion
1.2K
The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
Insulin and C-peptide are...
Insulin and C-peptide are...
1.2K
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
2.2K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
2.2K
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications
516
For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
516
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
2.5K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
2.5K
Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose
3.1K
Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
3.1K
Cells and Secretions of the Pancreas
2.1K
The pancreas, a vital organ within the abdominal cavity, plays dual roles in the digestive and endocrine systems, collaborating with exocrine and endocrine cells to maintain optimal digestion and blood sugar levels.
Exocrine function is carried out by acinar cells, organized into clusters known as acini. These cells contribute to digestion by releasing substantial quantities of enzyme-rich, alkaline digestive juices.
Concurrently, the dispersed clusters of endocrine cells throughout the...
Exocrine function is carried out by acinar cells, organized into clusters known as acini. These cells contribute to digestion by releasing substantial quantities of enzyme-rich, alkaline digestive juices.
Concurrently, the dispersed clusters of endocrine cells throughout the...
2.1K


