练习水晶:模拟驱动国家IHR联络点能力增强的模拟
Laura Goddard1, Qiu Yi Khut1, Gina Samaan1
1WHO Health Emergencies Programme, World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western Pacific, Manila, Philippines.
概括
国家IHR焦点 (NFPs) 显示,在世卫组织的模拟演习中,沟通和参与得到了改善. 然而,为了有效的全球卫生安全,需要进一步加强电话可访问性和多部门协调.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 国际卫生法 国际卫生法
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- "国际卫生条例" (2005年) 授权缔约国建立国家IHR焦点 (NFP),以便及时向世界卫生组织 (WHO) 报告公共卫生紧急情况.
- 最近对IHR (2005年) 的修订要求指定一个国家IHR机构来协调实施工作.
- 世卫组织西太平洋区域办公室自2008年以来每年都会进行国际健康规范 (IHR) 练习水晶,以评估和增强NFP的功能.
研究的目的:
- 在16年期间 (2008-2024年,不包括2009年) 分析国家IHR焦点 (NFP) 的表现,使用IHR练习水晶的数据.
- 根据最新的国际人权 (2005年) 要求,为成员国的NFP能力建设战略提供信息.
- 确定NFP表现的优势和改进机会.
主要方法:
- 在年度IHR练习水晶模拟练习中收集的性能数据的分析.
- 描述性统计分析六个关键的国家IHR焦点 (NFP) 绩效指标.
- 在16年的时间内对NFP功能进行纵向评估.
主要成果:
- 通过电子邮件 (平均99%) 始终观察到高NFP可访问性.
- 值得注意的是,电话接入能力不足 (平均:64%) 和多部门沟通能力差 (平均:73%).
- 在NFP参与远程/视频会议 (平均:73%),对模拟事件的通知 (平均:80%) 和向事件信息网站 (平均:77%) 的信息贡献方面,观察到显著的改善.
结论:
- 在加强国家IHR联络点 (NFP) 功能方面取得了实质性进展,其证据是改善的沟通和参与指标.
- 持续能力建设的关键领域包括提高电话可访问性和促进强有力的多部门协调.
- 持续的模拟演习和制定明确的标准操作程序对于有效实施国际卫生法规 (IHR) 和国家卫生机构和国家IHR当局之间的协调至关重要.
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