合法化和移民工人的长期结果
Claudio Deiana1, Ludovica Giua2, Roberto Nisticò3
1Department of Economics and Business Science, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy; Centre for North South Economic Research (CRENoS), Cagliari, Italy; IZA, Bonn, Germany.
Demography
|June 11, 2025
概括
给予无证移民合法身份显著改善了他们的长期正规就业和融入. 这项研究表明,赦免的受益者与不符合条件的人相比,有更好的就业前景和同化.
科学领域:
- 移民政策的社会经济影响
- 劳动力经济学 劳动力经济学
- 社会学同化研究是社会学同化研究.
背景情况:
- 移民政策在很大程度上影响了移民融入的结果.
- 法律地位对就业和同化的长期影响尚未完全理解.
- 以前的研究往往缺乏关于政策影响的长期,代表性数据.
研究的目的:
- 通过大赦获得合法身份对移民的正式就业和同化产生长期影响的估计.
- 分析获得大赦的移民与没有获得大赦的移民之间的差异结果.
- 为移民政策的社会经济后果提供经验证据.
主要方法:
- 使用一种准实验性的方法,利用意大利2002年移民大赦.
- 从2011年收集的移民家庭代表性样本中分析丰富的调查数据.
- 比较符合特赦条件的移民与不符合条件的移民的结果.
主要成果:
- 通过大赦获得合法身份的移民在十年后有更高的正式就业机会.
- 与非获得者相比,大赦的受益者经历的与工作相关的种族隔离较少.
- 法律地位对语言同化产生了积极的影响,大赦的受益者表现出更大的进步.
结论:
- 赋予无证移民合法地位对他们的社会经济融合产生了深刻而积极的长期影响.
- 像大赦这样的移民政策可以有效地减少劳动力市场的劣势,并促进同化.
- 调查结果强调了法律地位在促进移民正式就业和社会融入方面的重要性.
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