阿片类药物的使用和癌症发病率和死亡率的风险:系统性审查
Shakti Shrestha1, Holly Foot1, Mahdi Sheikh2
1School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Dutton Park, QLD, 4102, Australia.
Cancer metastasis reviews
|June 11, 2025
概括
暴露于阿片类药物可能会略微增加癌症风险,特别是在某些器官. 然而,由于研究偏见,证据仍然不确定,需要对阿片类药物影响和癌症发病率进行更严格的研究.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 阿片类药物使用广泛,一些证据表明与癌症发展有关.
- 片类类化合物,如吗啡和可代因,被怀疑是致癌物.
- 关于阿片类药物和癌症结果的先前研究丰富但矛盾.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查有关阿片类药物暴露的证据,以及无癌症个体未来癌症发病率或死亡率的风险.
- 评估阿片类药物使用与癌症风险之间的独立关联.
- 确定现有研究中的方法限制.
主要方法:
- 在七个主要的电子数据库 (PubMed,EMBASE,科学网,PsycINFO,国际制药摘要,CINAHL,Scopus) 进行系统的文献搜索.
- 包括提供癌症死亡率,发病率或阿片类药物暴露后风险的统计估计的研究.
- 使用纽卡斯尔-太华尺度和提取数据的描述性叙述合成进行质量评估.
主要成果:
- 27项涉及4,542,745名参与者的研究符合纳入标准;12项是高质量的.
- 观察到的数据表明,与阿片类药物暴露相关的癌症发病率或死亡风险可能会略有增加,特别是在特定器官.
- 研究中的重大偏差风险使整体效应的估计变得复杂.
结论:
- 目前的证据表明,阿片类药物暴露与癌症风险增加之间可能存在联系,但存在相当大的不确定性.
- 方法上的局限性,包括偏见,阻碍了关于阿片类药物对癌症结果的影响的最终结论.
- 需要进一步进行高质量的流行病学研究,以准确确定阿片类药物对癌症风险的真正影响.
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