衡量标准选择和风险调整方法,以对住院患者抗生素使用进行基准评估
Michihiko Goto1,2, Hyunkeun Cho1,3, James A Merchant1,4
1Center for Access and Delivery Research and Evaluation, Iowa City Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Care System, Iowa City.
JAMA network open
|June 11, 2025
概括
当包括患者层面的因素时,医院抗生素使用的风险调整模型显著改变了基准测试结果. 这些发现凸显了在抗微生物药物管理计划中需要更全面的模型.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
背景情况:
- 疾病控制和预防中心的标准化抗微生物药物管理比率 (SAAR) 用于医院抗生素使用基准测试.
- 当前的SAAR模型不考虑医疗保健数据的层次性或患者层面的因素,这可能会限制管理工作.
研究的目的:
- 在医院基准测试中评估使用抗微生物药物的风险调整方法.
- 在医院基准测试中比较基本指标,如治疗日 (DOT) 和抗菌谱覆盖日 (DASC).
主要方法:
- 对117家退伍军人卫生管理局 (VHA) 急症医院 (736,810名患者) 的回顾性队列研究 (2021-2023年).
- 我们比较了三种比较方法:未调整的,根据医院/单位因素调整风险 (方法1) 和根据医院/单位/患者因素调整风险 (方法2).
- 利用负二项式和等级式零膨胀负二项式回归模型.
主要成果:
- 在医院中观察到未调整的抗生素使用 (DOT和DASC) 的显著变化.
- 风险调整方法 (方法1和方法2) 导致医院排名发生中度变化.
- 在方法1和方法2的基准测试结果之间发现了微弱的相关性 (τB = 0.43对于DOT,0.44对于DASC).
结论:
- 仅使用医院/单位因子的模型与包括患者级因子的模型之间存在风险调整基准测试结果的实质性差异.
- 纳入患者级数据的模型可能为评估医院和管理计划绩效提供更高的内容有效性.
- 需要进一步的研究来验证这些更全面的模型及其在告知抗菌药物管理中的有用性.
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