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实施成本和超便携式胸部X射线的成本效益与人工智能在尼日利亚结核病的活跃病例的发现
Tushar Garg1, Stephen John2,3, Suraj Abdulkarim2,3
1Stop TB Partnership, Geneva, Switzerland.
PLOS digital health
|June 11, 2025
概括
整合人工智能 (AI) 与胸部X射线 (CXR) 结核病 (TB) 活跃病例发现 (ACF) 在尼日利亚是成本效益的. 与传统的症状查相比,这种人工智能增强的查策略可以以更低的成本检测更多的结核病例.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 医疗成像医学成像
背景情况:
- 结核病 (TB) 活跃病例发现 (ACF) 对全球结核病控制至关重要.
- 超便携式胸部X射线 (CXR) 和人工智能 (AI) 为结核病ACF提供了有前途的进展.
- 在结核病查计划中,对人工智能支持的CXR解释的成本和成本效益的数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 用症状,CXR和AI来估计尼日利亚TBACF的不同查算法的实施成本和成本效益.
- 从卫生系统的角度来看,比较各种查策略的性能.
主要方法:
- 进行了回顾性成本分析,使用了自上而下的和自下而上的方法的组合.
- 评估了五种查场景:不同的AI异常得分值 (≥0.30,≥0.50),咳持续时间 (≥2周),任何症状,以及AI得分和任何症状的组合.
- 从尼日利亚的肺部健康营地收集了数据,包括查程序和成本.
主要成果:
- "任何症状"查算法的每例检测成本最低 (635美元).
- "咳≥2周"策略的实施总成本最低 (40,740美元).
- 人工智能支持的CXR与症状相结合,比传统的症状查更低的成本检测到更多病例,特别是当无症状结核病患病率高时.
结论:
- 将CXR和AI与症状查相结合,比传统的基于症状的结核病查更有效和更具成本效益.
- 支持人工智能的CXR方法可以以更低的成本检测到更多病例.
- 结核病计划应该考虑在ACF倡议中采用CXR和AI进行查,以改善病例检测和成本效益.
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