青少年喘的危险因素:一个系统的审查和元分析
Hoileong Lee1, Linyan Tang2, Xin Wen3
1Faculty of Electronic Engineering & Technology, University Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia.
概括
这项研究确定了青少年喘的12个关键风险因素,包括家庭过敏史和吸烟. 研究结果为制定儿童呼吸系统健康的有效预防和管理策略提供了关键的见解.
科学领域:
- 儿科肺病学 儿科肺病学
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 喘是一种严重的慢性呼吸道疾病,影响着全世界的青少年.
- 确定特定的风险因素对于有针对性的预防和管理策略至关重要.
- 以前的研究表明了各种潜在的影响,但需要进行全面的综合.
研究的目的:
- 系统地识别和综合与青少年喘发展相关的风险因素.
- 为参与青少年喘管理的医疗保健专业人员提供基于证据的参考资料.
- 为旨在减少这一年龄组中喘负担的公共卫生倡议提供信息.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Embase,Web of Science和Cochrane图书馆数据库中进行了全面的文献搜索,截至2024年11月1日.
- 包括的研究的质量评估是使用医疗保健研究和质量机构和纽卡斯尔-太华规模标准 (分数7-9) 进行的.
- 使用随机效应模型将异质结果汇总在一起,结果以95%置信区间 (CI) 的几率比率 (OR) 报告.
主要成果:
- 涉及73314名参与者的15项研究确定了青少年喘的12个显著风险因素.
- 最强的关联包括以前的过敏反应 (OR 2.87),过敏家族史 (OR 2.35) 和家庭喘史 (OR 2.48).
- 其他重要因素包括活跃吸烟 (OR 1.47),二手烟暴露 (OR 1.27),物 (OR 1.21),户外污染 (OR 1.27),生物燃料暴露 (OR 1.10),肥胖/超重 (OR 1.26),私立学校上学 (OR 1.82) 和女性 (OR 1.21).
结论:
- 这一元分析强调了多种环境,家庭和生活方式因素导致青少年喘.
- 这些发现强调了在喘风险评估中考虑个人和家庭病史,环境暴露和生活方式选择的重要性.
- 这项研究为制定有针对性的预防措施和改善青少年喘临床管理提供了宝贵的参考.
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