残疾,有能力,以及极度过早的决策
Anne Sullivan1, Jennifer Arnold2, Sheria Wilson3
1Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Seminars in perinatology
|June 11, 2025
概括
能力主义影响了对极度早产婴儿的决定,影响了护理和生活质量假设. 解决能力主义偏见对于道德,包容性的新生儿重症监护室 (NICU) 决策至关重要.
科学领域:
- 医学伦理 医学伦理
- 新生儿科学 新生儿科学
- 关于残疾人的研究.
背景情况:
- 在极度早产婴儿的医疗决策中,能力主义或基于残疾的歧视很普遍.
- 关于生活质量,正常性和父母负担的假设可以影响临床咨询和护理选择.
- 了解医学能力主义的历史和社会文化根源对于解决其影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查能力主义假设如何影响极度早产婴儿的临床咨询和决策.
- 探索能力主义思维在预测框架,风险沟通和制度规范中的表现.
- 审查在新生儿重症监护室 (NICU) 内的临床实践中识别和解决能力主义的策略.
主要方法:
- 文献综述综合了新生儿学,残疾研究和生物伦理学的研究.
- 对生活质量评估中的能力学假设和父母负担考虑的分析.
- 探索反有能力者沟通,以家庭为中心的护理和医疗教育改革策略.
主要成果:
- 阿布莱斯特的假设微妙地影响了关于对极度早产婴儿的复苏和重症监护的关键决策.
- 预测框架和风险沟通往往反映了社会偏见,而不是客观评估.
- 现有的制度规范可能会在NICU环境中延续能力主义的观点.
结论:
- 对于新生儿重症监护室的道德和包容性决策,需要明确的反能力主义立场.
- 实施反有能力者沟通和以家庭为中心的护理模式可以减轻偏见.
- 跨学科合作和医疗教育改革对于新生儿护理的系统变革至关重要.
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