药物遗传学方法优化仿制药开发中的生物等价性研究
Jihyun Bae1, Jihong Shon1, Myong-Jin Kim1
1Division of Therapeutic Performance II, Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
药物遗传学 (PGx) 考虑越来越多地用于仿制药开发,以提高安全性和效率. 对FDA指南的审查表明PGx信息有助于选择研究群体,改善药理动力学 (PK) 生物等价性 (BE) 研究.
科学领域:
- 药物基因组学 药物基因组学
- 药物开发 药物开发
- 监管科学 监管科学
背景情况:
- 个体间的遗传变异性显著影响药物安全性和药理动力学.
- 药物遗传学 (PGx) 信息通常用于新药开发,但在仿制药开发中不太被探索.
- 将PGx整合到药理动力学 (PK) 生物等价性 (BE) 研究中可以提高受试者的安全性和数据稳定性.
研究的目的:
- 评估目前在仿制药开发中使用PGx信息的情况.
- 审查美国FDA的产品特定指南 (PSG) 和提交的研究方案,以考虑PGx.
- 了解PGx对基因药物PK BE研究对受试者选择和研究设计的影响.
主要方法:
- 审查了15个包含PGx信息的美国FDA PSG,用于参考列表药物 (RLD).
- 分析了提交的新药申请简称 (ANDA) 或对这些RLD进行控制的对应的研究方案.
- 检查了提交的协议与关于基于PGx的受试者选择的PSG建议的一致性.
主要成果:
- 15个PSG建议PGx信息用于受试者群体的选择,特别是对于酶缺乏或CYP450多态的药物.
- 在PSG中的PGx考虑主要旨在预防不良事件 (60%) 或优化PK BE研究设计 (7%),或两者 (33%).
- 15个RLD中的5个已提交了包含PGx相关排除标准的协议,与PSG建议保持一致.
结论:
- 仿制药开发商开始将PGx考虑因素纳入PK BE研究中,这表明人们越来越认识到其益处.
- 目前提交的申请人数较少,但呈现出越来越多的趋势.
- 监管机构和行业之间的持续合作对于扩大PGx在仿制药开发中的应用至关重要.
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