追踪受害者不报告理由的类型学:与寻求帮助行为有关的客观措施
Sujung Cho1, Claire Seungeun Lee2
1Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL, USA.
Violence against women
|June 12, 2025
概括
许多跟踪受害者不会报告罪行,因为否认伤害或受害者身份. 了解这些理由是改善对不情愿的受害者支持的关键.
科学领域:
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
- 受害者学 受害者学
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
背景情况:
- 追踪是一项严重的罪行,对受害者造成严重的心理和身体影响.
- 受害者不报告是了解真正的流行率和跟踪行为的影响的一个主要挑战.
- 现有的理论提供了框架,但需要对受害者报告行为进行实证测试.
研究的目的:
- 调查追踪受害者决定不报告犯罪背后的原因.
- 根据受害者不举报的理由,确定不同的受害者子组.
- 检查受害者认知和罪犯特征对举报决策的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用了国家犯罪受害率调查的补充受害率调查数据.
- 采用隐性类别分析来识别受害者不报告的理由的模式.
- 分析了受害者-罪犯动态,感知严重程度和寻求帮助行为之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 确定了四个不同的不报告受害者的子组:拒绝跟踪者的意图 (7.4%),拒绝受害者的身份 (18.3%),缺乏理由 (53.4%),拒绝严重伤害 (21.2%).
- 受害者对情况严重性的看法以及他们与罪犯的关系显著影响了举报决策,与韦斯的框架保持一致.
- 被陌生人跟踪的个人比被已知的罪犯跟踪的人更有可能寻求帮助.
结论:
- 受害者不报告跟踪是复杂的,受认知和关系因素的影响.
- 干预措施应量身定制,以解决具体的受害者理由,如否认伤害或受害者身份.
- 加强风险评估和以受害者为中心的方法对于鼓励报告和为不情愿的受害者提供有效支持至关重要.
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