遗传和环境对玉米中三种染色体驱动类型的分布的影响
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|June 12, 2025
概括
玉米中的微子驱动元件,如异常染色体10 (Ab10),K10L2和B染色体,在现代品种中很少见. 它们的分布主要受到它们自身的负面适应效应的影响,而不是环境或遗传修饰剂.
科学领域:
- 遗传学和基因组学 遗传学和基因组学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 植物育种 植物育种
背景情况:
- 介质驱动元件是以非孟德尔方式传播的自私遗传区域.
- 玉米中存在三个主要的染色体驱动因素:异常染色体10 (Ab10),K10L2和B染色体.
- 之前的研究推测了玉米和茶色合成中的驾驶员相互作用和环境影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查主要的玉米染色体驱动因素的流行和分布.
- 识别影响驾驶员频率的基因修饰剂和环境因素.
- 了解玉米及其祖先中中性驱动的进化动态.
主要方法:
- 来自超过10,000个玉米和神线的基因型测序 (GBS) 数据被用于评分驾驶员的存在/缺席.
- 用全基因组关联研究 (GWAS) 来确定与驾驶员存在相关的位置.
- 分析了环境变量 (如海拔) 和人口结构对驾驶员分布的影响.
主要成果:
- 染色体驱动因素在现代玉米杂交系中很少见 (<0.5%).
- 开放授粉的陆地品种的频率在5.16% (K10L2) 到12.28% (B染色体) 之间.
- 环境因素和已识别的遗传修饰剂都没有显著影响驾驶员分布;健身影响似乎是主要的.
结论:
- 玉米染色体驱动因素的分布在很大程度上是由中性过程及其固有的健康成本决定的.
- 尽管独特的遗传背景和环境关系,司机仍然在很大程度上不受这些因素的约束.
- 选择可能有利于减轻这些自私的遗传元素的负面适应性影响的等位基因.
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