探索ChatGPT 3.5用于从瘤学笔记中提取结构化数据
Ty J Skyles1, Isaac J Freeman2, Georgewilliam Kalibbala1
1Brigham Young University, Provo, UT.
概括
大型语言模型 (LLM) 显示出从电子健康记录中提取有价值的数据以改善癌症研究的希望. 从临床笔记中,ChatGPT有效地识别了患者信息,如格里森得分和息护理状态.
科学领域:
- 临床信息学是一种临床信息学.
- 医学中的人工智能
- 癌症研究 癌症研究
背景情况:
- 电子健康记录 (EHR) 包含大量的非结构化数据,对于大规模的临床研究至关重要.
- 最大限度地提高EHR数据的可用性对于推动医学洞察力和患者护理至关重要.
- 大型语言模型 (LLM) 为从非结构化的临床笔记中提取结构化信息提供了一个潜在的解决方案.
研究的目的:
- 评估大型语言模型ChatGPT在从非结构化的电子健康记录中提取结构化临床数据以用于癌症研究的有效性.
- 评估不同快速工程策略对GPT模型数据提取准确性的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用ChatGPT处理临床笔记并回答与癌症研究相关的六个预定义的临床问题.
- 采用了四种不同的提示工程策略:零射击,零射击与上下文,少射击和少射击与上下文.
- 量化了GPT在提取特定患者数据点方面的表现,包括格里森得分,年龄,息护理状态和疼痛识别.
主要成果:
- 在提取患者的格里森分数和年龄时,GPT获得了0.99的高F1分数.
- 在确定息治疗状态和患者报告的疼痛方面,GPT表现强,F1得分为0.86.
- 短暂的提示策略有时会降低输出准确性,并且包含上下文并不能始终提高性能.
结论:
- 像ChatGPT这样的大型语言模型可以显著改善癌症研究的数据可用性和从电子健康记录中提取数据.
- 有效实施LLM有潜力提高医疗保健系统和临床研究倡议之间的互操作性.
- 需要对最佳快速工程进行进一步的研究,以最大限度地发挥临床信息学LLM的好处.
更多相关视频
04:09Predicting Treatment Response to Image-Guided Therapies Using Machine Learning: An Example for Trans-Arterial Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Published on: October 10, 2018
8.2K
07:50A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts
Published on: September 20, 2018
15.9K
相关概念视频
00:56Extraction: Advanced Methods
559
Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...
559
01:45ER Retrieval Pathway
3.9K
In the secretory pathway, vesicles transport proteins from one cellular compartment to another in forward transport to deliver the protein to its correct location. Occasionally, misfolded proteins and incorrect proteins escape their original compartments, and a retrieval pathway is used to return the escaped proteins to their original compartment.
The ER uses many checkpoints to prevent the entry of incorrectly folded or a resident protein as cargo onto a transport vesicle. These mechanisms...
The ER uses many checkpoints to prevent the entry of incorrectly folded or a resident protein as cargo onto a transport vesicle. These mechanisms...
3.9K