美国国立卫生研究院对高等教育研究的间接成本上限的财务影响
Eric W Ford1, Timothy R Huerta2
1School of Public Health, University of Alabama Birmingham, 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States.
Health affairs scholar
|June 12, 2025
概括
国家卫生研究院 (NIH) 提出了15%的设施和行政 (F&A) 利率上限,预计将使高等教育机构 (HEI) 损失52.4亿美元. 这种政策变化可能会对研究资金和可持续性产生重大影响.
科学领域:
- 生物医学研究资助
- 高等教育融资 高等教育金融
- 科学政策 科学政策 科学政策
背景情况:
- 美国国立卫生研究院 (NIH) 宣布了一项新的政策,将高等教育机构 (IHE) 的资助费用限制在15%的设施和行政 (F&A) 费率上,这与以前谈判的费率相比大幅降低,往往超过50%.
- 这一政策变更最初定于2025年2月7日,但于2025年4月4日面临永久禁令,阻止其实施.
- 拟议的F&A利率上限给IHEs带来了巨大的财务挑战,引发了对研究可持续性的担忧.
研究的目的:
- 量化NIH提出的F&A利率上限对美国IHEs的预计财务影响.
- 评估这一政策对研究可持续性的更广泛影响.
- 分析对公共和私人机构以及国家一级财政影响的差异.
主要方法:
- 从2024财年 (FY2024) 的NIH RePORTER数据库中分析NIH资金数据.
- 根据公共与私人地位对机构的分类.
- 根据拟议的15%的F&A利率上限计算预计的收入损失,并评估州级影响.
主要成果:
- 预计NIH提出的F&A上限将在2025财年减少IHE资金约52.4亿美元.
- 预计公立大学的损失将更大,估计为299亿美元,而私立大学的损失为2250亿美元.
- 具有历史性高的研究支出和F&A率的国家被确定为面临最严重的财务压力.
结论:
- 拟议的NIH F&A上限可能会削弱美国的整体研究能力.
- 公共机构受到了不成比例的影响,可能会增加他们对州立法机关和私人伙伴关系的依赖.
- 对生物医学创新和研究可持续性的长期影响是一个重大问题.
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