人类行为,大脑和深层神经网络中机动动作能力的表现
Clemens G Bartnik1, Christina Sartzetaki1, Abel Puigseslloses Sanchez1
1Informatics Institute, Video and Image Sense Lab, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands.
概括
人类大脑独特地代表了环境如何支持像走路或爬这样的行为. 这种视觉皮层功能独立于场景内容和任务,揭示了对行动负担感知的新见解.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 计算机视觉 计算机视觉
背景情况:
- 机车的动作 (例如,走路,爬山) 取决于视觉环境线索.
- 识别这些机车负担的神经机制仍然不清楚.
- 了解负担能力感知对于导航和交互至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究人类视觉皮层中机车负担表现的神经基础.
- 为了比较人类行为,大脑活动和深度神经网络 (DNN) 模型在感知能力方面.
- 为了确定是否affordances是独立于其他场景属性的代表.
主要方法:
- 在各种图像中收集了六个机车动作的人类行为注释.
- 利用功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 来测量在场景选择性视觉皮层中的大脑活动.
- 分析了在各种视觉任务中训练的模型的深度神经网络 (DNN) 激活.
- 采用等级聚类和表示相似性分析 (RSA).
主要成果:
- 人类根据多个维度将环境分类为不同的机车负担能力集群.
- 视觉皮层代表了机车的负担能力,而不依赖于场景对象,材料,类别或整体属性.
- 负担能力的fMRI表示是独立于任务的.
- 在标准任务中训练的DNN与人类的负担感知相比,与对象识别的相关性较低.
结论:
- 人类视觉皮层在复杂场景中具有独特的表征,用于机动行动的承受能力.
- 这种表示是独立于对象识别和一般场景属性.
- 目前的DNN不能完全捕捉人类的机车负担感知,这表明一种独特的神经计算.
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