在三脊杆背脊中新突变的率
Chaowei Zhang1, Kerry Reid2, Mikkel Heide Schierup3
1Area of Ecology & Biodiversity, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. zhangcw@connect.hku.hk.
Heredity
|June 12, 2025
概括
这项研究估计了三脊背的生殖基因突变率,发现5.11 × 10-9 / bp/代没有性别偏见. 突变速率与重组相关,进化过程似乎在相关的鱼物种之间得到了保护.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 生殖线突变率是影响进化的关键遗传参数.
- 准确的新突变 (DNM) 率估计很少,即使在模型生物中也是如此.
- 三脊是生态学和进化生物学中广泛使用的模型.
研究的目的:
- 为了估计三脊 (Gasterosteus aculeatus) 的新突变 (DNM) 率.
- 研究DNM速率与包括重组在内的基因组特征之间的关系.
- 为了比较三脊和相关的九脊 (Pungitius pungitius) 之间的突变过程.
主要方法:
- 许多家族三组的全基因组测序达到高覆盖率 (45x).
- 在基因组中识别和表征新突变.
- 统计分析以将突变率与重组率和其他基因组特征相关联.
主要成果:
- 估计的新突变率 (μ) 在三脊鱼是5.11 × 10-9 / bp / 代.
- 在突变率中没有发现任何显著的性别偏差.
- 局部突变率与再组合率正相关,这表明再组合是致变的.
- 尽管数百万年的差异,在三和九的杆背脊之间观察到突变过程的高度相似性.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了对关键进化模型生物体的生殖系突变率的可靠估计.
- 再组合似乎是背鱼进化中的突变性因素.
- 保存的突变过程表明了粘性背脊物种稳定的进化轨迹.
相关概念视频
Fixed Action Patterns
15.9K
A fixed action pattern (FAP) is a specific, hard-wired sequence of behaviors that occurs in response to an external stimulus, called a sign stimulus. The behavior is “fixed” because it is essentially unchangeable—proceeding similarly across individuals of a species every time it occurs.
15.9K
Exon Recombination
3.6K
The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes.
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
3.6K
Mismatch Repair
4.8K
Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
4.8K
Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?
7.1K
The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
In contrast, regions which code...
7.1K
Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift
58.2K
In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).
58.2K
Testing a Claim about Mean: Known Population SD
2.7K
A complete procedure of testing the hypothesis about a population mean is explained here.
Estimating a population mean requires the samples to be distributed normally. The data should be collected from the randomly selected samples having no sampling bias. The sample size needed to be higher than 30, and most importantly, the population standard deviation should be already known.
In most realistic situations, the population standard deviation is often unknown, but in rare circumstances, when it...
Estimating a population mean requires the samples to be distributed normally. The data should be collected from the randomly selected samples having no sampling bias. The sample size needed to be higher than 30, and most importantly, the population standard deviation should be already known.
In most realistic situations, the population standard deviation is often unknown, but in rare circumstances, when it...
2.7K


