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俗人如何评价含有术语的科学解释
Francisco Cruz1,2, Tania Lombrozo3
1CICPSI, Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal. franciscocorreiadacruz@gmail.com.
Nature human behaviour
|June 12, 2025
概括
非专家往往更喜欢用术语进行科学解释,错误地认为这可以提高理解. 然而,鼓励平民自己解释概念可以提高他们对解释质量的判断.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 科学传播科学传播
背景情况:
- 个人依赖别人的专业知识来理解世界.
- 对非专家来说,评估解释的质量是一项挑战.
研究的目的:
- 调查为什么用术语的科学解释被普通人认为更令人满意.
- 确定术语包含影响解释满意度和可理解性的条件.
- 确定策略,以减轻含有术语的解释的偏见判断.
主要方法:
- 在6698名参与者中进行了9项实验.
- 专注于包含术语的科学解释.
- 分析了术语对解释满意度和可理解性的影响.
主要成果:
- 术语增加了解释满意度,因为普通人认为它填补了信息上的空白.
- 尽管易懂度下降,术语导致更高的感知质量.
- 参与解释生成会使判断变得愚蠢,并改善自我评估的校准.
结论:
- 普通人依赖术语作为完整性的代理,这可能导致对解释质量的误判.
- 积极参与,例如生成解释,可以提高对科学信息的批判性评估技能.
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