在放射性心血管成像中可解释的人工智能-系统性审查
Matteo Haupt1, Martin H Maurer1, Rohit Philip Thomas1
1Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany.
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 13, 2025
概括
可解释的人工智能 (XAI) 通过提供深度学习模型的洞察力,提高了对心血管成像人工智能的信任. 目前的研究表明,使用了像Grad-CAM这样的XAI方法,但需要进行定量评估和标准化才能实现临床整合.
科学领域:
- 心血管成像 - 心血管成像
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 可解释的人工智能
背景情况:
- 心血管成像中的深度学习模型因其"黑子"性质而面临信任问题.
- 可解释的人工智能 (XAI) 旨在提高这些AI模型的透明度和临床集成.
- 本综述系统地分析了XAI在放射性心血管成像中的应用.
研究的目的:
- 综合当前关于XAI方法在心血管成像中的应用研究.
- 识别常用的XAI技术和心血管成像模式.
- 评估XAI在该领域的临床应用和局限性.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Scopus和Web of Science (2015年1月至2025年3月) 进行系统的文献搜索.
- 包括应用XAI技术 (如Grad-CAM,SHAP,LIME) 对心脏CT,MRI,超声波和CXR的研究.
- 排除核医学研究,非成像数据或缺乏可解释性特征;遵循PRISMA指南.
主要成果:
- 28项研究符合纳入标准,其中超声波 (9) 和CT (9) 是最常见的模式.
- XAI用于疾病分类 (例如冠状动脉疾病) 和异常检测.
- 格拉德-CAM是最常用的XAI方法,主要是生成视觉解释.
结论:
- XAI显示了提高AI在心血管成像中的透明度和临床接受度的巨大潜力.
- 目前的XAI评估在很大程度上是定性的,缺乏标准化.
- 未来的研究需要强大的定量评估,临床验证和先进的XAI技术,超越突出性地图.
相关概念视频
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray
161
The most common cardiovascular diagnostic test is an X-ray. It produces images of the heart, blood vessels, and adjacent structures.
Definition and Purpose
An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
Definition and Purpose
An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
161
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
5.0K
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
5.0K
Radiological Investigation II: MRI and Ventilation Perfusion Scan
107
Description
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Ventilation Perfusion Scans are two radiological investigations that offer detailed diagnostic images of the body, particularly lung structures.
MRI
MRI uses magnetic fields and radiofrequency signals to distinguish between normal and abnormal tissues. This technology provides a more detailed diagnostic image than CT scans, enabling it to characterize pulmonary nodules, stage bronchogenic carcinoma, and evaluate inflammatory activity in...
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Ventilation Perfusion Scans are two radiological investigations that offer detailed diagnostic images of the body, particularly lung structures.
MRI
MRI uses magnetic fields and radiofrequency signals to distinguish between normal and abnormal tissues. This technology provides a more detailed diagnostic image than CT scans, enabling it to characterize pulmonary nodules, stage bronchogenic carcinoma, and evaluate inflammatory activity in...
107
Computed Tomography
4.4K
Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
The technique was invented in the 1970s and is based on the principle that as X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed or reflected at different levels. In the technique, a patient lies on a motorized platform while a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner rotates...
The technique was invented in the 1970s and is based on the principle that as X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed or reflected at different levels. In the technique, a patient lies on a motorized platform while a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner rotates...
4.4K
X-ray Imaging
5.4K
German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with...
5.4K
Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan
89
Radiological investigations are paramount in the diagnosis and management of various pulmonary diseases. Two essential investigations are the Pulmonary Angiogram and the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan.
Pulmonary Angiogram
A Pulmonary Angiogram is an invasive procedure involving injecting a contrast medium through a catheter threaded into the pulmonary artery or the right side of the heart to visualize the pulmonary vasculature. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have mainly replaced this...
Pulmonary Angiogram
A Pulmonary Angiogram is an invasive procedure involving injecting a contrast medium through a catheter threaded into the pulmonary artery or the right side of the heart to visualize the pulmonary vasculature. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have mainly replaced this...
89


