南非林波波省五岁以下儿童的营养挑战:补充养实践和饮食多样性缺陷
Tshilidzi Mafhungo1, Lindiwe Priscilla Cele1, Mmampedi Mathibe1
1Department of Public Health, School of Health Care Sciences, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, 1 Molotlegi Street, Ga-Rankuwa 0208, South Africa.
Nutrients
|June 13, 2025
概括
补充营养不良和饮食多样性低,与林波波省五岁以下儿童的营养不良有关. 需要采取干预措施来应对这些营养挑战,并改善儿童健康结果.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 营养不良,包括营养不良和营养过剩,仍然是全球重要的公共卫生问题.
- 不充分的补充养实践和不良的饮食多样性是导致幼儿营养不良的关键因素.
- 了解这些因素在特定的背景下,如农村南非,对于开发有效的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估林波波省Thabazimbi分区五岁以下儿童的补充养做法和饮食多样性.
- 确定这些养做法,饮食多样性和幼儿的营养状况之间的关系.
- 在研究人口中确定与不同形式的营养不良相关的因素.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项涉及409对母婴对的横截面研究.
- 数据收集包括社会人口统计,养习惯,人体测量和24小时的饮食回忆.
- 使用世卫组织生长标准评估营养状况,使用世卫组织婴幼儿养指标 (IYCF) 评估饮食多样性.
主要成果:
- 观察到高发育迟缓率 (38%),体重不足 (13%),瘦身 (5%) 和超重/肥胖 (17%) 的情况.
- 只有24%的儿童达到最低的饮食多样性得分 (DDS ≥4).
- 衰退和体重不足与男性性别和较低的饮食多样性有关,而瘦身和超重/肥胖与特定年龄组和更高的家庭收入有关.
结论:
- 补充养和饮食多样性的缺口大大导致了林波波农村营养不良的双重负担.
- 这些发现强调,迫切需要有针对性的,特定于环境的营养干预措施,以改善儿童营养状况.
- 解决这些营养和多样性差距对于缓解营养不良和促进弱势群体健康增长至关重要.
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