考试对大学生饮食,体力活动和身体构成的影响
Natalia Mudarra-García1,2, Marina Pérez-Mudarra3, Ismael Ortuño-Soriano2,4
1Research Nursing Area, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain.
Nutrients
|June 13, 2025
概括
考试期间对学生的健康产生负面影响,通过不良饮食和减少体力活动,身体成分恶化. 这些生活方式的改变增加了疾病的风险.
科学领域:
- 卫生科学 卫生科学 卫生科学
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
背景情况:
- 糟糕的饮食习惯和久坐不动的生活方式与改变身体成分和增加疾病风险有关.
- 学业压力,特别是在考试期间,可能会加剧不健康的生活方式的选择.
- 了解这些变化对于为学生群体开发有针对性的健康干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查考试期间对大学护理学生的身体组成,饮食习惯和体力活动水平的影响.
- 在考试前和考试期间比较生活方式和身体成分指标.
- 建立学术压力,生活方式变化和生理健康结果之间的相关性.
主要方法:
- 一项前性,比较性,纵向的观察性研究与马德里康普鲁登斯大学的护理学生进行.
- 关于身体成分 (生物阻抗),饮食习惯 (修改的Kidmed调查) 和身体活动 (IPAQ) 的数据是在2024年1月 (考前) 和5月 (考试期间) 收集的.
- 进行统计分析以确定测量参数的显著变化.
主要成果:
- 在检查期间观察到脂肪质量 (25.43%至28.79%) 和内脏脂肪 (2.34至3.52) 的显著增加.
- 在检查期间,肌肉质量显著下降 (39.70%至36.20%).
- 不良的饮食质量增加了 (54.2%至80.0%),强烈的体力活动减少了 (84.7%至11.1%),静坐时间增加了 (408.24至543.61分钟/天).
结论:
- 考试期间与学生身体组成的显著不良变化有关,包括脂肪质量增加和肌肉质量减少.
- 饮食习惯恶化,体力活动水平在考试期间大幅下降.
- 这些发现凸显了学术压力对学生健康的有害影响,强调了在压力较大的学术阶段需要采取干预措施来促进更健康的生活方式.
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