营养状况与移植患者早期术后感染风险之间的关联
Elena González García1,2, Tamara Arroyo1, Mercedes Galván1
1Nephrology Department, La Paz University Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain.
Nutrients
|June 13, 2025
概括
营养不良增加了移植患者的感染风险和住院时间. 早期的营养评估对于改善末期病患者等待移植的结果至关重要.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 临床营养学 临床营养学
- 外科手术的结果
背景情况:
- 营养不良是末期病 (ESKD) 发病率和死亡率的重要预测因素.
- 营养状况影响住院患者的临床结果和并发症风险.
- 营养风险指数 (NRI) 和老年营养风险指数 (GNRI) 是评估营养不良风险的有效工具.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定移植后早期术后感染的患病率.
- 研究移植患者营养不良和术后感染之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 140名移植患者的回顾性观察性研究 (2020年1月 - 2023年12月).
- 利用GNRI和NRI来评估营养风险.
- 分析了感染率和口服营养补充剂的需求.
主要成果:
- 在大多数患者中观察到足够的营养 (GNRI: 83.6%,NRI: 82.8%).
- 37.1%的患者经历了术后感染,主要是尿路感染.
- 营养不良与更长的住院时间和感染并发症增加相关 (p < 0.05).
结论:
- 营养不良的移植接受者面临更高的早期术后并发症的风险,包括感染.
- 在这个患者群体中,更长的住院时间与营养不良有关.
- 对于等待移植的ESKD患者,建议进行例行营养状况评估.
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