产后妇女的患病率和相关焦虑因素
María Antonia Díaz Ogallar1, Sergio Martínez Vázquez1, Antonio Hernández Martínez2
1Department of Nursing, University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain.
European journal of midwifery
|June 13, 2025
概括
产后焦虑很普遍,几乎影响了四分之一的妇女. 关键的危险因素包括抑郁症,吸烟和母亲与婴儿的不良联系,而更高的收入和积极的医疗保健相互作用是保护性的.
科学领域:
- 围产期心理健康 围产期心理健康
- 母婴健康 母婴健康
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 产后焦虑影响着很大一部分女性,影响着母亲和婴儿的福祉.
- 了解患病率和相关因素对于及时干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定产后焦虑的患病率.
- 确定与分娩后焦虑相关的社会人口学,产科和心理社会因素.
主要方法:
- 在西班牙对820名产后妇女进行了横截面研究.
- 使用了针对焦虑症 (GAD-7),抑郁症 (EPDS),亲密伴侣暴力 (WAST) 和母子亲密关系 (VAMF) 的验证工具.
- 统计分析包括几率比率 (ORs) 和调整几率比率 (AORs) 与95%信心区间 (CI).
主要成果:
- 36.1%的人有轻度焦虑,8.5%有中度焦虑,2.7%有严重焦虑.
- 危险因素:较高的EPDS分数 (AOR=1.68),吸烟 (AOR=1.97),精神健康史 (AOR=1.77),婴儿健康问题 (AOR=2.70),以及较高的WAST分数 (AOR=1.53).
- 保护因素:积极的母婴关系 (AOR=0.90) 和更高的收入 (AOR=0.55). 优惠的医疗保健治疗也降低了风险 (AOR=0.21).
结论:
- 产后焦虑是一个重要的问题,患病率很高.
- 产后抑郁症,母亲和婴儿之间的联系不佳,以及社会经济地位是产后焦虑的关键影响因素.
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